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[PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems 49+ messages / 2 participants [nested] [flat]
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-13 10:01 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-13 10:01 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 109 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 97 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/matview.c | 3 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 162 +++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 170 +++++- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 102 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/include/utils/builtins.h | 3 +- src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 627 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 1844 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index ea222c0464..2a9ecd40d4 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 1e9a4625cc..fc47ac94de 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,115 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text + ); + + CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis> (EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers </emphasis> + ); + </programlisting> + + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) + ); + + CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> + ); + + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); + INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); + INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); + </programlisting> + + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 569f4c9da7..1654c9a95e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1059,6 +1059,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1122,7 +1134,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1132,6 +1145,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1143,6 +1157,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1158,6 +1173,73 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int4[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + + <programlisting> + CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( ftest1 int2[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + </programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2305,6 +2387,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 1cb9172a5f..a0c24a8c8e 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/matview.c b/src/backend/commands/matview.c index c5c25ce11d..856b2b6775 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/matview.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/matview.c @@ -764,7 +764,8 @@ refresh_by_match_merge(Oid matviewOid, Oid tempOid, Oid relowner, generate_operator_clause(&querybuf, leftop, attrtype, op, - rightop, attrtype); + rightop, attrtype, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); foundUniqueIndex = true; } diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 420991e315..e2a8f2791c 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8486,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8493,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_array; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8584,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8595,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_array = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_array) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_array = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_array) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8708,6 +8760,78 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + Oid elemopclass; + + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + + /* + * For the moment, we must also insist that the array's element + * type have a default btree opclass that is in the index's + * opfamily. This is necessary because ri_triggers.c relies on + * COUNT(DISTINCT x) on the element type, as well as on array_eq() + * on the array type, and we need those operations to have the + * same notion of equality that we're using otherwise. + * + * XXX this restriction is pretty annoying, considering the effort + * that's been put into the rest of the RI mechanisms to make them + * work with nondefault equality operators. In particular, it + * means that the cast-to-PK-datatype code path isn't useful for + * array-to-scalar references. + */ + elemopclass = GetDefaultOpClass(fktype, BTREE_AM_OID); + if (!OidIsValid(elemopclass) || + get_opclass_family(elemopclass) != opfamily) + { + /* Get the index opclass's name for the error message. */ + char *opcname; + + cla_ht = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, + ObjectIdGetDatum(opclasses[i])); + if (!HeapTupleIsValid(cla_ht)) + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", + opclasses[i]); + cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(cla_ht); + opcname = pstrdup(NameStr(cla_tup->opcname)); + ReleaseSysCache(cla_ht); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DATATYPE_MISMATCH), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has element type %s which does not have a default btree operator class that's compatible with class \"%s\".", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktype), + opcname))); + } + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8807,6 +8931,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8866,6 +8997,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8878,6 +9010,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8921,7 +9054,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8991,6 +9124,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9076,7 +9210,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9125,7 +9259,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9259,6 +9393,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9294,6 +9429,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9402,6 +9538,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9434,8 +9571,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9478,6 +9615,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9548,6 +9686,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9582,7 +9721,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9661,6 +9801,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9699,6 +9840,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 2d687f6dfb..4c6d3b63bf 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -809,6 +809,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index 65bbc18ecb..0d5bf91439 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3011,6 +3011,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index f5dcedf6e8..0c582bb3f7 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3630,6 +3630,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index dd72a9fc3c..78b63298db 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15321,6 +15364,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15857,6 +15901,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16876,6 +16921,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index b31f3afa03..ccef8c8e0b 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -789,6 +789,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 6e3a41062f..9e19df8403 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -108,9 +108,11 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo char confupdtype; /* foreign key's ON UPDATE action */ char confdeltype; /* foreign key's ON DELETE action */ char confmatchtype; /* foreign key's match type */ + bool has_array; /* true if any reftype is EACH_ELEMENT */ int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -184,7 +186,8 @@ static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); static void ri_GenerateQualCollation(StringInfo buf, Oid collation); static int ri_NullCheck(TupleDesc tupdesc, TupleTableSlot *slot, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk); @@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL) { StringInfoData querybuf; + StringInfoData countbuf; char pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN]; char attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN]; char paramname[16]; @@ -355,6 +359,14 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) * FOR KEY SHARE OF x * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the * corresponding FK attributes. + * + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, the previous query is used + * to count the number of matching rows and see if every combination + * is actually referenced. + * The wrapping query is + * SELECT 1 WHERE + * (SELECT count(DISTINCT y) FROM unnest($1) y) + * = (SELECT count(*) FROM (<QUERY>) z) * ---------- */ initStringInfo(&querybuf); @@ -364,6 +376,13 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", pk_only, pkrelname); querysep = "WHERE"; + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + initStringInfo(&countbuf); + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE "); + } + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); @@ -372,18 +391,44 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + + /* + * In case of an array ELEMENT foreign key, we check that each + * distinct non-null value in the array is present in the PK + * table. + */ + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + "(SELECT pg_catalog.count(DISTINCT y) FROM pg_catalog.unnest(%s) y)", + paramname); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); + paramname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = fk_type; } appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&countbuf, + " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) (SELECT pg_catalog.count(*) FROM (%s) z)", + querybuf.data); + + /* Prepare and save the plan for Array Element Foreign Keys */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(countbuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } + else + { + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + + } } /* @@ -502,7 +547,8 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel, ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, attname, pk_type, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, pk_type); + paramname, pk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); querysep = "AND"; queryoids[i] = pk_type; } @@ -692,7 +738,8 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -798,7 +845,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = "AND"; @@ -917,7 +965,8 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1097,7 +1146,8 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - attname, fk_type); + attname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); querysep = ","; @@ -1370,6 +1420,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1387,13 +1445,35 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); - fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + if (riinfo->has_array) + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM ONLY %s fk", fkrelname); + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] != FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + continue; + + quoteOneName(fkattname, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s) a (e)", + fkattname); + } + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " LEFT OUTER JOIN ONLY %s pk ON", + pkrelname); + } + else + { + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1404,15 +1484,23 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "a.e"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type, + FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1428,10 +1516,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sa.e IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1647,7 +1740,8 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + fkattname, fk_type, + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i]); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1832,11 +1926,12 @@ ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf, const char *sep, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", sep); generate_operator_clause(buf, leftop, leftoptype, opoid, - rightop, rightoptype); + rightop, rightoptype, fkreftype); } /* @@ -2066,7 +2161,26 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); + + /* + * Fix up some stuff for Array Element Foreign Keys. We need a has_array + * flag indicating whether there's an array foreign key, and we want to + * set ff_eq_oprs[i] to array_eq() for array columns, because that's what + * makes sense for ri_KeysEqual, and we have no other use for ff_eq_oprs + * in this module. (If we did, substituting the array comparator at the + * call point in ri_KeysEqual might be more appropriate.) + */ + riinfo->has_array = false; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + riinfo->has_array = true; + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs[i] = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + } + } ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 4a9244f4f6..f6a2a0c402 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree @@ -11391,16 +11465,24 @@ void generate_operator_clause(StringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype) + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype) { HeapTuple opertup; Form_pg_operator operform; char *oprname; char *nspname; + Oid oproid; + + /* Override operator with <<@ in case of FK array */ + if(fkreftype == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + oproid = OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP; + else + oproid = opoid; - opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opoid)); + opertup = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oproid)); if (!HeapTupleIsValid(opertup)) - elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opoid); + elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", oproid); operform = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(opertup); Assert(operform->oprkind == 'b'); oprname = NameStr(operform->oprname); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/include/utils/builtins.h b/src/include/utils/builtins.h index 27d2f2ffb3..36d36d57b7 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/builtins.h +++ b/src/include/utils/builtins.h @@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ extern char *quote_qualified_identifier(const char *qualifier, extern void generate_operator_clause(fmStringInfo buf, const char *leftop, Oid leftoptype, Oid opoid, - const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype); + const char *rightop, Oid rightoptype, + char fkreftype); /* varchar.c */ extern int bpchartruelen(char *s, int len); diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4dc4a01233 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------- + Bitmap Heap Scan on fktableforarraygin + Recheck Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) + -> Bitmap Index Scan on fktableforarraygin_ftest1_idx + Index Cond: (ftest1 @>> 5) +(4 rows) + +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + ftest1 +------------- + {5} + {3,5,2,5} + {3,5,4,1,3} + {5,1} + {3,4,5,3} +(5 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index 12bb67e491..62443a5ede 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 59b416fd80..603cc92a51 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ test: tsrf test: tid test: tidscan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17f378cb95 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SET enable_seqscan=off; -- to ensure GIN index is used +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; +SELECT ftest1 FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.17.0 --opg8F0UgoHELSI+9-- ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems @ 2021-03-15 15:10 Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Mark Rofail @ 2021-03-15 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw) --- doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 16 + doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml | 105 ++++ doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml | 113 +++- src/backend/catalog/heap.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/index.c | 1 + src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c | 36 +- src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 126 ++++- src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 1 + src/backend/commands/typecmds.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c | 1 + src/backend/parser/gram.y | 73 ++- src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c | 2 + src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c | 194 +++++-- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c | 88 +++- src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 2 +- src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h | 14 +- src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h | 5 + src/include/parser/kwlist.h | 1 + src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out | 625 +++++++++++++++++++++++ src/test/regress/parallel_schedule | 2 +- src/test/regress/serial_schedule | 1 + src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql | 475 +++++++++++++++++ 24 files changed, 1808 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml index b1de6d0674..e8be7a0229 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml @@ -2646,6 +2646,16 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </para></entry> </row> + <row> + <entry><structfield>confreftype</structfield></entry> + <entry><type>char[]</type></entry> + <entry></entry> + <entry>If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column: + <literal>p</literal> = plain (simple equality), + <literal>e</literal> = each element of referencing array must have a match + </entry> + </row> + <row> <entry role="catalog_table_entry"><para role="column_definition"> <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> <type>oid[]</type> @@ -2701,6 +2711,12 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable><iteration count></replaceable>:<replaceable>&l </tgroup> </table> + <para> + When <structfield>confreftype</structfield> indicates array to scalar + foreign key reference semantics, the equality operators listed in + <structfield>conpfeqop</structfield> etc are for the array's element type. + </para> + <para> In the case of an exclusion constraint, <structfield>conkey</structfield> is only useful for constraint elements that are simple column references. diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml index 422c1180ba..19ddcf1c52 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml @@ -1079,6 +1079,111 @@ CREATE TABLE order_items ( </para> </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-element-fk"> + <title>Array Element Foreign Keys</title> + + <indexterm> + <primary>Array Element Foreign Keys</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>ELEMENT foreign key</primary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>Array ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>constraint</primary> + <secondary>ELEMENT foreign key</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <indexterm> + <primary>referential integrity</primary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + Another option you have with foreign keys is to use a referencing column + which is an array of elements with the same type (or a compatible one) as + the referenced column in the related table. This feature is called + <firstterm>Array Element Foreign Keys</firstterm> and is implemented in PostgreSQL + with <firstterm>EACH ELEMENT OF foreign key constraints</firstterm>, as + described in the following example: +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE drivers ( + driver_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + first_name text, + last_name text +); + +CREATE TABLE racing ( + race_id integer PRIMARY KEY, + title text, + race_day date, + final_positions integer[], + FOREIGN KEY <emphasis>(EACH ELEMENT OF final_positions) REFERENCES drivers</emphasis> +); +</programlisting> + The above example uses an array (<literal>final_positions</literal>) to + store the results of a race: for each of its elements a referential + integrity check is enforced on the <literal>drivers</literal> table. Note + that <literal>(EACH ELEMENT OF ...) REFERENCES</literal> is an extension of + PostgreSQL and it is not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + We currently only support the table constraint form. + </para> + + <para> + Even though the most common use case for Array Element Foreign Keys constraint is on + a single column key, you can define an Array Element Foreign Keys constraint on a + group of columns. +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE available_moves ( + kind text, + move text, + description text, + PRIMARY KEY (kind, move) +); + +CREATE TABLE paths ( + description text, + kind text, + moves text[], + <emphasis>FOREIGN KEY (kind, EACH ELEMENT OF moves) REFERENCES available_moves (kind, move)</emphasis> +); + +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'LN', 'look north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RL', 'rotate left'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'RR', 'rotate right'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('relative', 'MF', 'move forward'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'N', 'move north'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'S', 'move south'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'E', 'move east'); +INSERT INTO available_moves VALUES ('absolute', 'W', 'move west'); + +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'relative', '{LN, RL, MF, RR, MF, MF}'); +INSERT INTO paths VALUES ('L-shaped path', 'absolute', '{W, N, N}'); +</programlisting> + In addition to standard foreign key requirements, array + <literal>ELEMENT</literal> foreign key constraints require that the + referencing column is an array of a compatible type to the corresponding + referenced column. + + Note that we currently only support one array reference per foreign key. + </para> + + <para> + For more detailed information on Array Element Foreign Keys options and special + cases, please refer to the documentation for + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-foreign-key"/> and + <xref linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/>. + </para> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="ddl-constraints-exclusion"> <title>Exclusion Constraints</title> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml index 71703da85a..ac18c53578 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-foreign-key" xreflabel="FOREIGN KEY"> <term><literal>REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> - <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) + <term><literal>FOREIGN KEY ( [EACH ELEMENT OF] <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ... ] ) REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> [, ... ] ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">referential_action</replaceable> ] @@ -1060,6 +1060,18 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM tables and permanent tables. </para> + <para> + In case the column name <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> is + prepended with the <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF</literal> keyword and <replaceable + class="parameter">column</replaceable> is an array of elements compatible with + the corresponding <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> in + <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>, an Array Element Foreign Key + constraint is put in place (see <xref + linkend="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints"/> for more + information). Multi-column keys with more than one <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> column are currently not allowed. + </para> + <para> A value inserted into the referencing column(s) is matched against the values of the referenced table and referenced columns using the @@ -1123,7 +1135,8 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <para> Delete any rows referencing the deleted row, or update the values of the referencing column(s) to the new values of the - referenced columns, respectively. + referenced columns, respectively. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1133,6 +1146,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM <listitem> <para> Set the referencing column(s) to null. + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1144,6 +1158,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM Set the referencing column(s) to their default values. (There must be a row in the referenced table matching the default values, if they are not null, or the operation will fail.) + Currently not supported with Array Element Foreign Keys. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -1159,6 +1174,89 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="sql-createtable-element-foreign-key-constraints" xreflabel="Array ELEMENT Foreign Keys"> + <term><literal>EACH ELEMENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">reftable</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> ) ] [ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ] [ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ] [ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]</literal> (column constraint)</term> + + <listitem> + <para> + The <literal>EACH ELEMENT OF REFERENCES</literal> definition specifies an + <quote>Array Element Foreign Key</quote>, a special kind of foreign key constraint + requiring the referencing column to be an array of elements of the same type (or + a compatible one) as the referenced column in the referenced table. The value of + each element of the <replaceable class="parameter">refcolumn</replaceable> array + will be matched against some row of <replaceable + class="parameter">reftable</replaceable>. + </para> + + <para> + Array Element Foreign Keys are an extension of PostgreSQL and are not included in the SQL standard. + </para> + + <para> + Even with Array Element Foreign Keys, modifications in the referenced column can trigger + actions to be performed on the referencing array. Similarly to standard foreign + keys, you can specify these actions using the <literal>ON DELETE</literal> and + <literal>ON UPDATE</literal> clauses. However, only the following actions for + each clause are currently allowed: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. This is the default action. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ON UPDATE/DELETE RESTRICT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Same as standard foreign key constraints. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + It is advisable to index the referencing column using a GIN index as it + considerably enhances the performance. Also concerning coercion while using the + GIN index: + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int2 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int4[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + This syntax is fine since it will cast ptest1 to int4 upon RI checks, + +<programlisting> +CREATE TABLE pktableforarray ( + ptest1 int4 PRIMARY KEY, + ptest2 text +); + +CREATE TABLE fktableforarray ( + ftest1 int2[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES pktableforarray, + ftest2 int +); +</programlisting> + however, this syntax will cast ftest1 to int4 upon RI checks, thus defeating the + purpose of the index. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><literal>DEFERRABLE</literal></term> <term><literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal></term> @@ -2306,6 +2404,15 @@ CREATE TABLE cities_partdef </para> </refsect2> + <refsect2> + <title id="sql-createtable-foreign-key-arrays">Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys</title> + + <para> + Array <literal>ELEMENT</literal> Foreign Keys and the <literal>EACH ELEMENT + OF</literal> clause are a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> extension. + </para> + </refsect2> + <refsect2> <title><literal>PARTITION BY</literal> Clause</title> diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c index 9abc4a1f55..a9e2ab33b0 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c @@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ StoreRelCheck(Relation rel, const char *ccname, Node *expr, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c index 4ef61b5efd..c315142733 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c @@ -2110,6 +2110,7 @@ index_constraint_create(Relation heapRelation, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c index 0081558c48..be1fc54a35 100644 --- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c +++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Datum values[Natts_pg_constraint]; ArrayType *conkeyArray; ArrayType *confkeyArray; + ArrayType *confreftypeArray; ArrayType *conpfeqopArray; ArrayType *conppeqopArray; ArrayType *conffeqopArray; @@ -123,7 +125,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]); confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, - INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, TYPALIGN_SHORT); + for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) + fkdatums[i] = CharGetDatum(foreignRefType[i]); + confreftypeArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, TYPALIGN_CHAR); for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++) fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]); conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys, @@ -140,6 +146,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else { confkeyArray = NULL; + confreftypeArray = NULL; conpfeqopArray = NULL; conppeqopArray = NULL; conffeqopArray = NULL; @@ -196,6 +203,11 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, else nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confkey - 1] = true; + if (confreftypeArray) + values[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = PointerGetDatum(confreftypeArray); + else + nulls[Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype - 1] = true; + if (conpfeqopArray) values[Anum_pg_constraint_conpfeqop - 1] = PointerGetDatum(conpfeqopArray); else @@ -1163,7 +1175,8 @@ get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid) void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs) + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes) { Oid constrId; Datum adatum; @@ -1208,6 +1221,25 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + if (fk_reftypes) + { + adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, &isNull); + if (isNull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", constrId); + arr = DatumGetArrayTypeP(adatum); /* ensure not toasted */ + if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || + ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != CHAROID) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype is not a 1-D char array"); + if (ARR_HASNULL(arr)) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype contains nulls"); + if (ARR_DIMS(arr)[0] != numkeys) + elog(ERROR, "confreftype length does not equal the number of foreign keys"); + memcpy(fk_reftypes, ARR_DATA_PTR(arr), numkeys * sizeof(char)); + if ((Pointer) arr != DatumGetPointer(adatum)) + pfree(arr); /* free de-toasted copy, if any */ + } + if (pf_eq_oprs) { adatum = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tuple, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c index 559fa1d2e5..91764a6a43 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h" #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_opclass.h" +#include "catalog/pg_operator.h" #include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h" #include "catalog/pg_trigger.h" #include "catalog/pg_type.h" @@ -447,12 +448,12 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo * LOCKMODE lockmode); static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok); -static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, - Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, +static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, + Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode); static void CloneForeignKeyConstraints(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, @@ -8485,6 +8486,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Relation pkrel; int16 pkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int16 fkattnum[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char fkreftypes[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid pktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid fktypoid[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid opclasses[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -8492,9 +8494,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, Oid ppeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid ffeqoperators[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; int i; + ListCell *lc; int numfks, numpks; Oid indexOid; + bool has_each_element; bool old_check_ok; ObjectAddress address; ListCell *old_pfeqop_item = list_head(fkconstraint->old_conpfeqop); @@ -8583,6 +8587,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, */ MemSet(pkattnum, 0, sizeof(pkattnum)); MemSet(fkattnum, 0, sizeof(fkattnum)); + MemSet(fkreftypes, 0, sizeof(fkreftypes)); MemSet(pktypoid, 0, sizeof(pktypoid)); MemSet(fktypoid, 0, sizeof(fktypoid)); MemSet(opclasses, 0, sizeof(opclasses)); @@ -8594,6 +8599,54 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, fkconstraint->fk_attrs, fkattnum, fktypoid); + /* + * Validate the reference semantics codes, too, and convert list to array + * format to pass to CreateConstraintEntry. + */ + Assert(list_length(fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) == numfks); + has_each_element = false; + i = 0; + foreach(lc, fkconstraint->fk_reftypes) + { + char reftype = lfirst_int(lc); + + switch (reftype) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + /* OK, nothing to do */ + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + /* At most one FK column can be an array reference */ + if (has_each_element) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign keys support only one array column"))); + + has_each_element = true; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", (int) reftype); + break; + } + fkreftypes[i] = reftype; + i++; + } + + /* + * Array foreign keys support only UPDATE/DELETE NO ACTION, UPDATE/DELETE + * RESTRICT + */ + if (has_each_element) + { + if ((fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_upd_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT) || + (fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION && + fkconstraint->fk_del_action != FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions"))); + } + /* * If the attribute list for the referenced table was omitted, lookup the * definition of the primary key and use it. Otherwise, validate the @@ -8707,6 +8760,37 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, elog(ERROR, "only b-tree indexes are supported for foreign keys"); eqstrategy = BTEqualStrategyNumber; + /* + * If this is an array foreign key, we must look up the operators for + * the array element type, not the array type itself. + */ + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + /* We check if the array element type exists and is of valid Oid */ + fktype = get_base_element_type(fktype); + if (!OidIsValid(fktype)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Key column \"%s\" has type %s which is not an array type.", + strVal(list_nth(fkconstraint->fk_attrs, i)), + format_type_be(fktypoid[i])))); + + /* + * make sure the <<@ operator can work with the specified operand + * types + */ + if (fktype != pktype) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY), + errmsg("foreign key constraint \"%s\" cannot be implemented", + fkconstraint->conname), + errdetail("Unssupported relation between %s and %s.", + format_type_be(fktypoid[i]), + format_type_be(pktype)))); + } + /* * There had better be a primary equality operator for the index. * We'll use it for PK = PK comparisons. @@ -8739,6 +8823,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, ffeqop = InvalidOid; } + // XXX: Fix logic for selecting operators + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + ffeqop = ARRAY_EQ_OP; + if (!(OidIsValid(pfeqop) && OidIsValid(ffeqop))) { /* @@ -8806,6 +8894,13 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, * We may assume that pg_constraint.conkey is not changing. */ old_fktype = attr->atttypid; + if (fkreftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + { + old_fktype = get_base_element_type(old_fktype); + /* this shouldn't happen ... */ + if (!OidIsValid(old_fktype)) + elog(ERROR, "old foreign key column is not an array"); + } new_fktype = fktype; old_pathtype = findFkeyCast(pfeqop_right, old_fktype, &old_castfunc); @@ -8865,6 +8960,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8877,6 +8973,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -8920,7 +9017,7 @@ static ObjectAddress addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, int numfks, - int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, Oid *pfeqoperators, + int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok) { ObjectAddress address; @@ -8990,6 +9087,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9075,7 +9173,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelationName(partRel)); addFkRecurseReferenced(wqueue, fkconstraint, rel, partRel, partIndexId, constrOid, numfks, - mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, + mapped_pkattnum, fkattnum, fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, old_check_ok); @@ -9124,7 +9222,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferenced(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, static void addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, Relation pkrel, Oid indexOid, Oid parentConstr, - int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, + int numfks, int16 *pkattnum, int16 *fkattnum, char *fkreftypes, Oid *pfeqoperators, Oid *ppeqoperators, Oid *ffeqoperators, bool old_check_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode) { @@ -9258,6 +9356,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, indexOid, RelationGetRelid(pkrel), pkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9293,6 +9392,7 @@ addFkRecurseReferencing(List **wqueue, Constraint *fkconstraint, Relation rel, numfks, pkattnum, mapped_fkattnum, + fkreftypes, pfeqoperators, ppeqoperators, ffeqoperators, @@ -9401,6 +9501,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Constraint *fkconstraint; tuple = SearchSysCache1(CONSTROID, constrOid); @@ -9433,8 +9534,8 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) confkey, conpfeqop, conppeqop, - conffeqop); - + conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_confkey[i] = attmap->attnums[confkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9477,6 +9578,7 @@ CloneFkReferenced(Relation parentRel, Relation partitionRel) numfks, mapped_confkey, conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9547,6 +9649,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) AttrNumber conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber mapped_conkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; AttrNumber confkey[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; + char confreftype[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conpfeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conppeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; Oid conffeqop[INDEX_MAX_KEYS]; @@ -9581,7 +9684,8 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) ShareRowExclusiveLock, NULL); DeconstructFkConstraintRow(tuple, &numfks, conkey, confkey, - conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop); + conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, + confreftype); for (int i = 0; i < numfks; i++) mapped_conkey[i] = attmap->attnums[conkey[i] - 1]; @@ -9660,6 +9764,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) indexOid, constrForm->confrelid, /* same foreign rel */ confkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, @@ -9698,6 +9803,7 @@ CloneFkReferencing(List **wqueue, Relation parentRel, Relation partRel) numfks, confkey, mapped_conkey, + confreftype, conpfeqop, conppeqop, conffeqop, diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c index 4e4e05844c..90c7495354 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c @@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ CreateTrigger(CreateTrigStmt *stmt, const char *queryString, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c index 76218fb47e..3fd3f0fe57 100644 --- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c +++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c @@ -3553,6 +3553,7 @@ domainAddConstraint(Oid domainOid, Oid domainNamespace, Oid baseTypeOid, NULL, NULL, NULL, + NULL, 0, ' ', ' ', diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c index da91cbd2b1..05875012f2 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c @@ -3033,6 +3033,7 @@ _copyConstraint(const Constraint *from) COPY_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COPY_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COPY_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c index c2d73626fc..67e001d822 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c @@ -2642,6 +2642,7 @@ _equalConstraint(const Constraint *a, const Constraint *b) COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c index 6493a03ff8..82e95c1a87 100644 --- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c +++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c @@ -3643,6 +3643,7 @@ _outConstraint(StringInfo str, const Constraint *node) WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pktable); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_attrs); WRITE_NODE_FIELD(pk_attrs); + WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fk_reftypes); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_matchtype); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_upd_action); WRITE_CHAR_FIELD(fk_del_action); diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y index 652be0b96d..1264da7f6f 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y +++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y @@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ typedef struct SelectLimit LimitOption limitOption; } SelectLimit; +/* + * Private struct for the result of foreign_key_column_elem production contains + * reftype that denotes type of foreign key; can be one of the following: + * + * FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN plain foreign keys + * FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT foreign key arrays + */ +typedef struct FKColElem +{ + Node *name; /* name of the column (a String) */ + char reftype; /* FKCONSTR_REF_xxx code */ +} FKColElem; + /* ConstraintAttributeSpec yields an integer bitmask of these flags: */ #define CAS_NOT_DEFERRABLE 0x01 #define CAS_DEFERRABLE 0x02 @@ -191,6 +204,7 @@ static RangeVar *makeRangeVarFromAnyName(List *names, int position, core_yyscan_ static void SplitColQualList(List *qualList, List **constraintList, CollateClause **collClause, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); +static void SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes); static void processCASbits(int cas_bits, int location, const char *constrType, bool *deferrable, bool *initdeferred, bool *not_valid, bool *no_inherit, core_yyscan_t yyscanner); @@ -241,6 +255,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); A_Indices *aind; ResTarget *target; struct PrivTarget *privtarget; + struct FKColElem *fkcolelem; AccessPriv *accesspriv; struct ImportQual *importqual; InsertStmt *istmt; @@ -375,6 +390,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); %type <accesspriv> privilege %type <list> privileges privilege_list %type <privtarget> privilege_target +%type <fkcolelem> foreign_key_column_elem %type <objwithargs> function_with_argtypes aggregate_with_argtypes operator_with_argtypes procedure_with_argtypes function_with_argtypes_common %type <list> function_with_argtypes_list aggregate_with_argtypes_list operator_with_argtypes_list procedure_with_argtypes_list %type <ival> defacl_privilege_target @@ -412,7 +428,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); execute_param_clause using_clause returning_clause opt_enum_val_list enum_val_list table_func_column_list create_generic_options alter_generic_options - relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list + relation_expr_list dostmt_opt_list foreign_key_column_list transform_element_list transform_type_list TriggerTransitions TriggerReferencing vacuum_relation_list opt_vacuum_relation_list @@ -642,7 +658,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query); DETACH DICTIONARY DISABLE_P DISCARD DISTINCT DO DOCUMENT_P DOMAIN_P DOUBLE_P DROP - EACH ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT + EACH ELEMENT ELSE ENABLE_P ENCODING ENCRYPTED END_P ENUM_P ESCAPE EVENT EXCEPT EXCLUDE EXCLUDING EXCLUSIVE EXECUTE EXISTS EXPLAIN EXPRESSION EXTENSION EXTERNAL EXTRACT @@ -3621,8 +3637,10 @@ ColConstraintElem: n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; n->pktable = $2; + /* fk_attrs will be filled in by parse analysis */ n->fk_attrs = NIL; n->pk_attrs = $3; + n->fk_reftypes = list_make1_int(FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN); n->fk_matchtype = $4; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($5 >> 8); n->fk_del_action = (char) ($5 & 0xFF); @@ -3824,14 +3842,15 @@ ConstraintElem: NULL, yyscanner); $$ = (Node *)n; } - | FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name - opt_column_list key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec + | FOREIGN KEY '(' foreign_key_column_list ')' REFERENCES + qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions + ConstraintAttributeSpec { Constraint *n = makeNode(Constraint); n->contype = CONSTR_FOREIGN; n->location = @1; + SplitFKColElems($4, &n->fk_attrs, &n->fk_reftypes); n->pktable = $7; - n->fk_attrs = $4; n->pk_attrs = $8; n->fk_matchtype = $9; n->fk_upd_action = (char) ($10 >> 8); @@ -3865,6 +3884,30 @@ columnElem: ColId } ; +foreign_key_column_list: + foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = list_make1($1); } + | foreign_key_column_list ',' foreign_key_column_elem + { $$ = lappend($1, $3); } + ; + +foreign_key_column_elem: + ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($1); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN; + $$ = n; + } + | EACH ELEMENT OF ColId + { + FKColElem *n = (FKColElem *) palloc(sizeof(FKColElem)); + n->name = (Node *) makeString($4); + n->reftype = FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT; + $$ = n; + } + ; + opt_c_include: INCLUDE '(' columnList ')' { $$ = $3; } | /* EMPTY */ { $$ = NIL; } ; @@ -15332,6 +15375,7 @@ unreserved_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ENABLE_P | ENCODING | ENCRYPTED @@ -15868,6 +15912,7 @@ bare_label_keyword: | DOUBLE_P | DROP | EACH + | ELEMENT | ELSE | ENABLE_P | ENCODING @@ -16887,6 +16932,24 @@ SplitColQualList(List *qualList, *constraintList = qualList; } +/* Split a list of FKColElem structs into separate name and reftype lists */ +static void +SplitFKColElems(List *fkcolelems, List **names, List **reftypes) +{ + ListCell *lc; + + *names = NIL; + *reftypes = NIL; + + foreach(lc, fkcolelems) + { + FKColElem *fkcolelem = (FKColElem *) lfirst(lc); + + *names = lappend(*names, fkcolelem->name); + *reftypes = lappend_int(*reftypes, fkcolelem->reftype); + } +} + /* * Process result of ConstraintAttributeSpec, and set appropriate bool flags * in the output command node. Pass NULL for any flags the particular diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c index d56f81c79f..c31138bbb5 100644 --- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c +++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c @@ -799,6 +799,8 @@ transformColumnDefinition(CreateStmtContext *cxt, ColumnDef *column) * list of FK constraints to be processed later. */ constraint->fk_attrs = list_make1(makeString(column->colname)); + /* grammar should have set fk_reftypes */ + Assert(list_length(constraint->fk_reftypes) == 1); cxt->fkconstraints = lappend(cxt->fkconstraints, constraint); break; diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c index 09a2ad2881..5c61a07866 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c @@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo int nkeys; /* number of key columns */ int16 pk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referenced cols */ int16 fk_attnums[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* attnums of referencing cols */ + char fk_reftypes[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* reference semantics */ Oid pf_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = FK) */ Oid pp_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (PK = PK) */ Oid ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */ @@ -352,42 +353,102 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata) const char *querysep; Oid queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; const char *pk_only; + int each_elem; - /* ---------- - * The query string built is - * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] - * FOR KEY SHARE OF x - * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the - * corresponding FK attributes. - * ---------- - */ - initStringInfo(&querybuf); - pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? - "" : "ONLY "; - quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", - pk_only, pkrelname); - querysep = "WHERE"; - for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) { - Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); - Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($1) + * WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS + * ( + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] pktable x WHERE pkatt1 = [$2 | unnest] [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * ) + * ) + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (" + "SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.unnest($%d) WHERE unnest IS NOT NULL" + " AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + each_elem + 1, pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + sprintf(paramname, "unnest"); + else + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x))"); - quoteOneName(attname, - RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); - ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, - attname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - paramname, fk_type); - querysep = "AND"; - queryoids[i] = fk_type; + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); } - appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); + else + { + /* + * The query string built is: + * + * SELECT 1 FROM [ONLY] <pktable> x WHERE pkatt1 = $1 [AND ...] + * FOR KEY SHARE OF x + * + * The type ids for the $ parameters are those of the + * corresponding FK attributes. + */ + initStringInfo(&querybuf); + pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? + "" : "ONLY "; + quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "SELECT 1 FROM %s%s x", + pk_only, pkrelname); + querysep = "WHERE"; + for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) + { + Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); + Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + + quoteOneName(attname, + RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); + sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); + ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, + attname, pk_type, + riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + paramname, fk_type); + querysep = "AND"; + queryoids[i] = fk_type; + } + appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x"); - /* Prepare and save the plan */ - qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, - &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + /* Prepare and save the plan */ + qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys, queryoids, + &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel); + } } /* @@ -695,7 +756,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -801,7 +862,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -920,7 +981,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1100,7 +1161,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null) sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1); ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep, paramname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX attname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll)) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -1313,6 +1374,7 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) char workmembuf[32]; int spi_result; SPIPlanPtr qplan; + int each_elem; riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigger, fk_rel, false); @@ -1374,6 +1436,14 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) * For MATCH FULL: * (fk.keycol1 IS NOT NULL [OR ...]) * + * In case of an array ELEMENT column, relname is replaced with the + * following subquery: + * + * SELECT unnest("keycol1") k1, "keycol1" ak1 [, ...] + * FROM ONLY "public"."fk" + * + * where all the columns are renamed in order to prevent name collisions. + * * We attach COLLATE clauses to the operators when comparing columns * that have different collations. *---------- @@ -1391,13 +1461,30 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel); quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel); + fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ? "" : "ONLY "; - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", - fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + + for (each_elem = 0; each_elem < riinfo->nkeys; each_elem++) + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[each_elem] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + break; + + if (each_elem < riinfo->nkeys) + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[each_elem])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, " FROM %s%s fk" + " CROSS JOIN LATERAL pg_catalog.unnest(fk.%s)" + " LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, fkattname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } + else + { + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + " FROM %s%s fk LEFT OUTER JOIN %s%s pk ON", + fk_only, fkrelname, pk_only, pkrelname); + } strcpy(pkattname, "pk."); strcpy(fkattname, "fk."); @@ -1408,15 +1495,22 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]); Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]); + char *tmp; quoteOneName(pkattname + 3, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i])); - quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, - RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + tmp = "unnest"; + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname + 3, + RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + tmp = fkattname; + } ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], - fkattname, fk_type); + tmp, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); sep = "AND"; @@ -1432,10 +1526,15 @@ RI_Initial_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) sep = ""; for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++) { - quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); - appendStringInfo(&querybuf, - "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", - sep, fkattname); + if (riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT) + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%sunnest IS NOT NULL", sep); + else + { + quoteOneName(fkattname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); + appendStringInfo(&querybuf, + "%sfk.%s IS NOT NULL", + sep, fkattname); + } switch (riinfo->confmatchtype) { case FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE: @@ -1650,7 +1749,7 @@ RI_PartitionRemove_Check(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel) RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i])); ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, sep, pkattname, pk_type, - riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], + riinfo->fk_reftypes[i] == FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT ? OID_ARRAY_ELEMCONTAINED_OP : riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i], // XXX fkattname, fk_type); if (pk_coll != fk_coll) ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll); @@ -2094,7 +2193,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid) riinfo->pk_attnums, riinfo->pf_eq_oprs, riinfo->pp_eq_oprs, - riinfo->ff_eq_oprs); + riinfo->ff_eq_oprs, + riinfo->fk_reftypes); ReleaseSysCache(tup); diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c index 879288c139..534920cd1b 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c @@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ static char *pg_get_viewdef_worker(Oid viewoid, static char *pg_get_triggerdef_worker(Oid trigid, bool pretty); static int decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, StringInfo buf); +static void decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf); static char *pg_get_ruledef_worker(Oid ruleoid, int prettyFlags); static char *pg_get_indexdef_worker(Oid indexrelid, int colno, const Oid *excludeOps, @@ -2006,7 +2009,8 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, { case CONSTRAINT_FOREIGN: { - Datum val; + Datum colindexes; + Datum reftypes; bool isnull; const char *string; @@ -2014,13 +2018,21 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, appendStringInfoString(&buf, "FOREIGN KEY ("); /* Fetch and build referencing-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_conkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null conkey for constraint %u", constraintId); + reftypes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confreftype, + &isnull); + if (isnull) + elog(ERROR, "null confreftype for constraint %u", + constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->conrelid, &buf); + decompile_fk_column_index_array(colindexes, reftypes, + conForm->conrelid, &buf); /* add foreign relation name */ appendStringInfo(&buf, ") REFERENCES %s(", @@ -2028,13 +2040,15 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand, NIL)); /* Fetch and build referenced-column list */ - val = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, - Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, &isnull); + colindexes = SysCacheGetAttr(CONSTROID, tup, + Anum_pg_constraint_confkey, + &isnull); if (isnull) elog(ERROR, "null confkey for constraint %u", constraintId); - decompile_column_index_array(val, conForm->confrelid, &buf); + decompile_column_index_array(colindexes, + conForm->confrelid, &buf); appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ')'); @@ -2363,6 +2377,66 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId, return nKeys; } +/* + * Convert an int16[] Datum and a char[] Datum into a comma-separated list of + * column names for the indicated relation, prefixed by appropriate keywords + * depending on the foreign key reference semantics indicated by the char[] + * entries. Append the text to buf. + */ +static void +decompile_fk_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, + Datum fk_reftype_array, + Oid relId, StringInfo buf) +{ + Datum *keys; + int nKeys; + Datum *reftypes; + int nReftypes; + int j; + + /* Extract data from array of int16 */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array), + INT2OID, sizeof(int16), true, 's', + &keys, NULL, &nKeys); + + /* Extract data from array of char */ + deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(fk_reftype_array), + CHAROID, sizeof(char), true, 'c', + &reftypes, NULL, &nReftypes); + + if (nKeys != nReftypes) + elog(ERROR, "wrong confreftype cardinality"); + + for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++) + { + char *colName; + const char *prefix; + + colName = get_attname(relId, DatumGetInt16(keys[j]), false); + + switch (DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])) + { + case FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN: + prefix = ""; + break; + case FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT: + prefix = "EACH ELEMENT OF "; + break; + default: + elog(ERROR, "invalid fk_reftype: %d", + (int) DatumGetChar(reftypes[j])); + prefix = NULL; /* keep compiler quiet */ + break; + } + + if (j == 0) + appendStringInfo(buf, "%s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + else + appendStringInfo(buf, ", %s%s", prefix, + quote_identifier(colName)); + } +} /* ---------- * pg_get_expr - Decompile an expression tree diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c index 7ef510cd01..b43ca0e927 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c @@ -4469,7 +4469,7 @@ RelationGetFKeyList(Relation relation) info->conkey, info->confkey, info->conpfeqop, - NULL, NULL); + NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Add FK's node to the result list */ result = lappend(result, info); diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h index 63f0f8bf41..901371db71 100644 --- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h +++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h @@ -120,9 +120,19 @@ CATALOG(pg_constraint,2606,ConstraintRelationId) */ int16 confkey[1]; + /* + * If a foreign key, the reference semantics for each column. + * 'p' to signify plain foreign key + * 'e' to signify each element foreign key array + */ + char confreftype[1]; + /* * If a foreign key, the OIDs of the PK = FK equality operators for each * column of the constraint + * + * Note: for Array Element Foreign Keys, all these operators are for the + * array's element type. */ Oid conpfeqop[1] BKI_LOOKUP(pg_operator); @@ -219,6 +229,7 @@ extern Oid CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName, Oid indexRelId, Oid foreignRelId, const int16 *foreignKey, + const char *foreignRefType, const Oid *pfEqOp, const Oid *ppEqOp, const Oid *ffEqOp, @@ -259,7 +270,8 @@ extern Bitmapset *get_primary_key_attnos(Oid relid, bool deferrableOk, Oid *constraintOid); extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks, AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey, - Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs); + Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs, + char *fk_reftypes); extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid, Index varno, Index varlevelsup, diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h index 236832a2ca..8fd49aacd4 100644 --- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h +++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h @@ -2189,6 +2189,10 @@ typedef enum ConstrType /* types of constraints */ #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL 'p' #define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE 's' + /* Foreign key column reference semantics codes */ +#define FKCONSTR_REF_PLAIN 'p' +#define FKCONSTR_REF_EACH_ELEMENT 'e' + typedef struct Constraint { NodeTag type; @@ -2229,6 +2233,7 @@ typedef struct Constraint RangeVar *pktable; /* Primary key table */ List *fk_attrs; /* Attributes of foreign key */ List *pk_attrs; /* Corresponding attrs in PK table */ + List *fk_reftypes; /* Per-column reference semantics (int List) */ char fk_matchtype; /* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */ char fk_upd_action; /* ON UPDATE action */ char fk_del_action; /* ON DELETE action */ diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h index 28083aaac9..58b937ddfa 100644 --- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h +++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("domain", DOMAIN_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("double", DOUBLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("drop", DROP, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("each", EACH, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) +PG_KEYWORD("element", ELEMENT, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("else", ELSE, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("enable", ENABLE_P, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) PG_KEYWORD("encoding", ENCODING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL) diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83040dbc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/element_fk.out @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fkarray" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({10,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({4,6}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({6,NULL,4,NULL}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarraymdim" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarraymdim_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({{1,2},{6,NULL}}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); +ERROR: null value in column "ftest1" of relation "fktableforarraynotnull" violates not-null constraint +DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 21). +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(1) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {2} | 4 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 +(11 rows) + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +----------+-------- + {1} | 3 + {1} | 5 + {3} | 6 + {1} | 7 + {4,5} | 8 + {4,4} | 9 + | 10 + {} | 11 + {1,NULL} | 12 + {NULL} | 13 + {1} | 4 +(11 rows) + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +ERROR: table "fktableforarray" does not exist +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: Array Element Foreign Keys support only NO ACTION and RESTRICT actions +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +NOTICE: table "fktableforarray" does not exist, skipping +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (ftest1)=({A,B,D}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(A) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_ftest1_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (ptest1)=(B) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + ftest1 | ftest2 +---------+-------- + {A} | 1 + {B} | 2 + {C} | 3 + {A,B,C} | 4 +(4 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(A, {A,B,C}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fid1_fid2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fid1, fid2)=(B, {A}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,99)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (invoice_ids)=({"(2011,1)","(2010,1)"}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2010,99)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); +ERROR: update or delete on table "pktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_invoice_ids_fkey" on table "fktableforarray" +DETAIL: Key (id)=((2011,1)) is still referenced from table "fktableforarray". +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + id | invoice_ids | ftest2 +----+-------------------------+----------- + 1 | {"(2010,99)"} | Product A + 2 | {"(2011,1)","(2011,2)"} | Product B + 3 | {"(2011,2)"} | Product C +(3 rows) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({0,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); +ERROR: insert or update on table "fktableforarray" violates foreign key constraint "fktableforarray_fids_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (fids)=({2,1}) is not present in table "pktableforarray". +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(2, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(20, {0,2,3,4,6}) is not present in table "dim1". +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_x_y_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x, y)=(4, {0,2,4}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +ERROR: foreign keys support only one array column +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "x2_x1_x2_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "x2" violates foreign key constraint "fk_const" +DETAIL: Key (x1, x2)=({1,3}, 6) is not present in table "x1". +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{100,100,100},{NULL,NULL,20},{7,8,10}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +ERROR: insert or update on table "f1" violates foreign key constraint "f1_slots_fkey" +DETAIL: Key (slots)=({{NULL,1,NULL},{NULL,NULL,11},{NULL,NULL,6}}) is not present in table "dim1". +DROP TABLE F1; +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + count +------- + 10 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + count +------- + 5 +(1 row) + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type integer which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between character[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Key column "ftest1" has type character which is not an array type. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between smallint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between bigint[] and integer. +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); +ERROR: foreign key constraint "fktableviolating_ftest1_fkey" cannot be implemented +DETAIL: Unssupported relation between int2vector and integer. diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule index e280198b17..ec01fffc97 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview # ---------- # Another group of parallel tests # ---------- -test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort +test: create_table_like alter_generic alter_operator misc async dbsize misc_functions sysviews tsrf tid tidscan tidrangescan collate.icu.utf8 incremental_sort element_fk # rules cannot run concurrently with any test that creates # a view or rule in the public schema diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule index 6a57e889a1..35c7eaff5a 100644 --- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule +++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ test: tid test: tidscan test: tidrangescan test: collate.icu.utf8 +test: element_fk test: rules test: psql test: psql_crosstab diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b3ec36113 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/sql/element_fk.sql @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ +-- EACH-ELEMENT FK CONSTRAINTS + +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAY +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (5, 'Test5'); + +-- Check alter table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 1); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check alter table with failing rows +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], ftest2 int ); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{10,1}', 2); +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ADD CONSTRAINT FKARRAY FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check create table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM ( ftest1 int[][], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL ( ftest1 int[] NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert successful rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{2}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{3}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,5}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,4}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (NULL, 10); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}', 11); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,NULL}', 12); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{NULL}', 13); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{1,2},{1,3}}', 14); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{4,5},{NULL,2},{NULL,3}}', 15); + +-- Insert failed rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6}', 16); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{4,6}', 17); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL}', 18); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{6,NULL,4,NULL}', 19); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM VALUES ('{{1,2},{6,NULL}}', 20); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL VALUES (NULL, 21); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE NO ACTION) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE NO ACTION) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=1; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check UPDATE on FKTABLE +UPDATE FKTABLEFORARRAY SET ftest1=ARRAY[1] WHERE ftest2=4; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYNOTNULL; +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYMDIM; + +-- Allowed references with actions (NO ACTION, RESTRICT) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +-- Not allowed references (SET NULL, SET DEFAULT, CASCADE) +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE, ftest2 int ); +DROP TABLE IF EXISTS FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Check reference on empty table +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY (ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY (ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{}'); +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Repeat a similar test using CHAR(1) keys rather than INTEGER +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( ptest1 CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('C', 'Test C'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( ftest1 char(1)[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY ON UPDATE RESTRICT ON DELETE RESTRICT, ftest2 int ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A"}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"B"}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"C"}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","C"}', 4); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"D"}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{"A","B","D"}', 6); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON DELETE RESTRICT) +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE ptest1='A'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE (must fail due to ON UPDATE RESTRICT) +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET ptest1='D' WHERE ptest1='B'; + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Composite primary keys +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id1 CHAR(1), id2 CHAR(1), ptest2 text, PRIMARY KEY (id1, id2) ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'A', 'Test A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', 'B', 'Test B'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', 'C', 'Test B'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( fid1 CHAR(1), fid2 CHAR(1)[], ftest2 text, FOREIGN KEY (fid1, EACH ELEMENT OF fid2) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B'], '1'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['C'], '2'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('A', ARRAY['A','B', 'C'], '3'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('B', ARRAY['A'], '4'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Test Array Element Foreign Keys with composite type +CREATE TYPE INVOICEID AS (year_part INTEGER, progressive_part INTEGER); +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INVOICEID PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2010, 99), 'Last invoice for 2010'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 1), 'First invoice for 2011'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES (ROW(2011, 2), 'Second invoice for 2011'); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, invoice_ids INVOICEID[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF invoice_ids) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2010,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,2)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product C'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,99)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY(invoice_ids, ftest2) VALUES (ARRAY['(2011,1)','(2010,1)']::INVOICEID[], 'Product B'); + +-- Check FKTABLE +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Delete a row from PK TABLE +DELETE FROM PKTABLEFORARRAY WHERE id=ROW(2010,99); + +-- Check FKTABLE for removal of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Update a row from PK TABLE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAY SET id=ROW(2011,99) WHERE id=ROW(2011,1); + +-- Check FKTABLE for update of matched row +SELECT * FROM FKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TYPE INVOICEID; + +-- Check for an array column referencing another array column (NOT ELEMENT FOREIGN KEY) +-- Create primary table with an array primary key +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY ( id INT[] PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text); + +-- Create the referencing table +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, fids INT[] REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAY, ftest2 TEXT ); + +-- Populate the primary table +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,1}', 'A'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAY VALUES ('{1,2}', 'B'); + +-- Insert valid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,1}', 'Product A'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{1,2}', 'Product B'); + +-- Insert invalid rows into FK TABLE +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{0,1}', 'Product C'); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAY (fids, ftest2) VALUES ('{2,1}', 'Product D'); + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAY; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAY; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-column "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL, Y INTEGER NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (X, Y)); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT x.t, x.t * y.t + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10) AS t) x, + (SELECT generate_series(0, 10) AS t) y; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- FAILS (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,NULL,4}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Try updates +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS +UPDATE F1 SET x = 20, y = '{0,2,3,4,6}' WHERE x = 2; -- FAILS (20 does not exist) +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,4,8}' WHERE x = 4; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET y = '{0,5,NULL,10}' WHERE x = 5; -- OK +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with FOREIGN KEY after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +-- Insert facts +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (1, '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (2, '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (3, '{0,3,6,9,0,3,6,9,0,0,0,0,9,9}'); -- OK (multiple occurrences) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (4, '{0,2,4}'); -- OK (2 is not present) +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES (5, '{0,NULL,5}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of a two-dim ELEMENT foreign key constraint (FAILS) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[], + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y) +); + + +-- Test with two-dim ELEMENT foreign key after TABLE population +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + x INTEGER[] PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER[] +); +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1}', '{0,1,2,3,4,5}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1 VALUES ('{1,2}', '{0,2,4,6}'); -- OK +-- Add foreign key (FAILS) +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF x, EACH ELEMENT OF y) REFERENCES DIM1(x, y); +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE DIM1; + + +-- Check for potential name conflicts (with internal integrity checks) +CREATE TABLE x1(x1 int, x2 int, PRIMARY KEY(x1,x2)); +INSERT INTO x1 VALUES + (1,4), + (1,5), + (2,4), + (2,5), + (3,6), + (3,7) +; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int, FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +CREATE TABLE x2(x1 int[], x2 int); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,2}',4); +INSERT INTO x2 VALUES ('{1,3}',6); +ALTER TABLE x2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_const FOREIGN KEY(EACH ELEMENT OF x1, x2) REFERENCES x1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE x2; +DROP TABLE x1; + + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Multi-dimensional "ELEMENT" foreign key tests +-- --------------------------------------- + +-- Create DIM1 table with two-column primary key +CREATE TABLE DIM1 (X INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, + CODE TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE); +-- Populate DIM1 table pairs +INSERT INTO DIM1 SELECT t, 'DIM1-' || lpad(t::TEXT, 2, '0') + FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10)) x(t); + +-- Test with TABLE declaration of an element foreign key constraint (NO ACTION) +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1 +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- OK +UPDATE F1 SET SLOTS = '{{100, 100, 100}, {NULL, NULL, 20}, {7, 8, 10}}' WHERE ID = 1; -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Test with postponed foreign key +CREATE TABLE F1 ( + ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + SLOTS INTEGER[3][3] +); +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 3}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}'); -- OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}'); -- OK +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- FAILS +DELETE FROM F1 WHERE ID = 2; -- REMOVE ISSUE +ALTER TABLE F1 ADD FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF SLOTS) REFERENCES DIM1; -- NOW OK +INSERT INTO F1(SLOTS) VALUES ('{{NULL, 1, NULL}, {NULL, NULL, 11}, {NULL, NULL, 6}}'); -- FAILS +DROP TABLE F1; + +-- Leave tables in the database +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ( ftest1 int[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Check ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE +ALTER TABLE FKTABLEFORELEMENTFK ALTER FTEST1 TYPE INT[]; + +-- Check GIN index +-- Define PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Insert test data into PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (1, 'Test1'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (2, 'Test2'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (3, 'Test3'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (4, 'Test4'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (5, 'Test5'); +INSERT INTO PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES (6, 'Test6'); + +-- Define FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN ( ftest1 int[], + ftest2 int PRIMARY KEY, + FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN + ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); + +-- -- Create index on FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN +CREATE INDEX ON FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN USING gin (ftest1 array_ops); + +-- Populate Table +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5}', 1); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,2}', 2); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,2,5}', 3); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,4}', 4); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,5,4,1,3}', 5); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{1}', 6); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{5,1}', 7); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{2,1,2,4,1}', 8); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{4,2}', 9); +INSERT INTO FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN VALUES ('{3,4,5,3}', 10); + +-- Try UPDATE +UPDATE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN SET ptest1=7 WHERE ptest1=6; + +--- Try using the indexable operators +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @> ARRAY[5]; +SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN WHERE ftest1 @>> 5; + +-- Cleanup +DROP TABLE FKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; +DROP TABLE PKTABLEFORARRAYGIN; + +-- --------------------------------------- +-- Invalid referencing key tests +-- --------------------------------------- +CREATE TABLE PKTABLEVIOLATING ( ptest1 int PRIMARY KEY, ptest2 text ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> char +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 char, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> smallint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 smallint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> bigint[] +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 bigint[], FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); + +-- Attempt fk constraint between int <-> int2vector +CREATE TABLE FKTABLEVIOLATING ( ftest1 int2vector, FOREIGN KEY (EACH ELEMENT OF ftest1) REFERENCES PKTABLEFORELEMENTFK, ftest2 int ); -- 2.30.1 --------------3A927D779D0A0B91F132AD46 Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8; name="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="v10-0001-anyarray_anyelement_operators.patch" ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
* Re: refactoring basebackup.c @ 2022-01-18 18:55 Robert Haas <[email protected]> 0 siblings, 0 replies; 49+ messages in thread From: Robert Haas @ 2022-01-18 18:55 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Dmitry Dolgov <[email protected]>; +Cc: Jeevan Ladhe <[email protected]>; Mark Dilger <[email protected]>; pgsql-hackers; tushar <[email protected]> On Tue, Nov 16, 2021 at 4:47 PM Robert Haas <[email protected]> wrote: > Here's a new patch set. And here's another one. I've committed the first two patches from the previous set, the second of those just today, and so we're getting down to the meat of the patch set. 0001 adds "server" and "blackhole" as backup targets. It now has some tests. This might be more or less ready to ship, unless somebody else sees a problem, or I find one. 0002 adds server-side gzip compression. This one hasn't got tests yet. Also, it's going to need some adjustment based on the parallel discussion on the new options structure. -- Robert Haas EDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com Attachments: [application/octet-stream] v11-0001-Support-base-backup-targets.patch (38.5K, ../../CA+TgmoboJJE6M+u4f2E9vKaKGVq6jKync81Bi1jFW8QChscwOg@mail.gmail.com/2-v11-0001-Support-base-backup-targets.patch) download | inline diff: From 3efff1b594d803116a866bdf9aa500e376f02a13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robert Haas <[email protected]> Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2021 15:20:50 -0500 Subject: [PATCH v11 1/2] Support base backup targets. pg_basebackup now has a --target=TARGET[:DETAIL] option. If specfied, it is sent to the server as the value of the TARGET option to the BASE_BACKUP command. If DETAIL is included, it is sent as the value of the new TARGET_DETAIL option to the BASE_BACKUP command. If the target is anything other than 'client', pg_basebackup assumes that it will now be the server's job to write the backup in a location somehow defined by the target, and that it therefore needs to write nothing locally. However, the server will still send messages to the client for progress reporting purposes. On the server side, we now support two additional types of backup targets. There is a 'blackhole' target, which just throws away the backup data without doing anything at all with it. Naturally, this should only be used for testing and debugging purposes, since you will not actually have a backup when it finishes running. More usefully, there is also a 'server' target, so you can now use something like 'pg_basebackup -Xnone -t server:/SOME/PATH' to write a backup to some location on the server. Since WAL fetching is handled with separate client-side logic, it's not part of this mechanism; thus, backups with non-default targets, at least for now, must use -Xnone. Patch by me, with a bug fix by Jeevan Ladhe. --- doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml | 23 +- doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml | 30 ++ src/backend/replication/Makefile | 1 + src/backend/replication/basebackup.c | 81 ++++- src/backend/replication/basebackup_copy.c | 21 +- src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c | 302 +++++++++++++++++++ src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c | 6 + src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c | 208 ++++++++++--- src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl | 64 +++- src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h | 3 +- src/include/utils/wait_event.h | 2 + 11 files changed, 677 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml index 7e59edb1cc..cd6dca691e 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml @@ -2640,8 +2640,27 @@ The commands accepted in replication mode are: </para> <para> - At present, the only supported value for this parameter is - <literal>client</literal>. + If the target is <literal>client</literal>, the backup data is + sent to the client. If it is <literal>server</literal>, the backup + data is written to the server at the pathname specified by the + <literal>TARGET_DETAIL</literal> option. If it is + <literal>blackhole</literal>, the backup data is not sent + anywhere; it is simply discarded. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TARGET_DETAIL</literal> <replaceable>'detail'</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Provides additional information about the backup target. + </para> + + <para> + Currently, this option can only be used when the backup target is + <literal>server</literal>. It specifies the server directory + to which the backup should be written. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml index 9e6807b457..165a9ea5cc 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml @@ -224,6 +224,36 @@ PostgreSQL documentation </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">target</replaceable></option></term> + <term><option>--target=<replaceable class="parameter">target</replaceable></option></term> + <listitem> + + <para> + Instructs the server where to place the base backup. The default target + is <literal>client</literal>, which specifies that the backup should + be sent to the machine where <application>pg_basebackup</application> + is running. If the target is instead set to + <literal>server:/some/path</literal>, the backup will be stored on + the machine where the server is running in the + <literal>/some/path</literal> directory. Storing a backup on the + server requires superuser privileges. If the target is set to + <literal>blackhole</literal> causes the contents of the backup to be + discarded and not stored anywhere. This should only be used for + testing purposes, as you will not end up with an actual backup. + </para> + + <para> + Since WAL streaming is implemented by + <application>pg_basebackup</application> rather than by the server, + this option cannot be used together with <literal>-Xstream</literal>. + Since that is the default, when this option is specified, you must also + specify either <literal>-Xfetch</literal> or <literal>-Xnone</literal>. + </para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><option>-T <replaceable class="parameter">olddir</replaceable>=<replaceable class="parameter">newdir</replaceable></option></term> <term><option>--tablespace-mapping=<replaceable class="parameter">olddir</replaceable>=<replaceable class="parameter">newdir</replaceable></option></term> diff --git a/src/backend/replication/Makefile b/src/backend/replication/Makefile index 74b97cf126..a8f4757f0c 100644 --- a/src/backend/replication/Makefile +++ b/src/backend/replication/Makefile @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ OBJS = \ basebackup.o \ basebackup_copy.o \ basebackup_progress.o \ + basebackup_server.o \ basebackup_sink.o \ basebackup_throttle.o \ repl_gram.o \ diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c index 3afbbe7e02..d32da51535 100644 --- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c +++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c @@ -55,8 +55,10 @@ typedef enum { + BACKUP_TARGET_BLACKHOLE, BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT, - BACKUP_TARGET_CLIENT + BACKUP_TARGET_CLIENT, + BACKUP_TARGET_SERVER } backup_target_type; typedef struct @@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ typedef struct uint32 maxrate; bool sendtblspcmapfile; backup_target_type target; + char *target_detail; backup_manifest_option manifest; pg_checksum_type manifest_checksum_type; } basebackup_options; @@ -702,6 +705,8 @@ parse_basebackup_options(List *options, basebackup_options *opt) bool o_manifest = false; bool o_manifest_checksums = false; bool o_target = false; + bool o_target_detail = false; + char *target_str = "compat"; /* placate compiler */ MemSet(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt)); opt->target = BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT; @@ -847,25 +852,35 @@ parse_basebackup_options(List *options, basebackup_options *opt) } else if (strcmp(defel->defname, "target") == 0) { - char *optval = defGetString(defel); + target_str = defGetString(defel); if (o_target) ereport(ERROR, (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), errmsg("duplicate option \"%s\"", defel->defname))); - if (strcmp(optval, "client") == 0) + if (strcmp(target_str, "blackhole") == 0) + opt->target = BACKUP_TARGET_BLACKHOLE; + else if (strcmp(target_str, "client") == 0) opt->target = BACKUP_TARGET_CLIENT; + else if (strcmp(target_str, "server") == 0) + opt->target = BACKUP_TARGET_SERVER; else ereport(ERROR, (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), - errmsg("unrecognized target: \"%s\"", optval))); + errmsg("unrecognized target: \"%s\"", target_str))); o_target = true; } - else - ereport(ERROR, - errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), - errmsg("option \"%s\" not recognized", - defel->defname)); + else if (strcmp(defel->defname, "target_detail") == 0) + { + char *optval = defGetString(defel); + + if (o_target_detail) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), + errmsg("duplicate option \"%s\"", defel->defname))); + opt->target_detail = optval; + o_target_detail = true; + } } if (opt->label == NULL) opt->label = "base backup"; @@ -877,6 +892,22 @@ parse_basebackup_options(List *options, basebackup_options *opt) errmsg("manifest checksums require a backup manifest"))); opt->manifest_checksum_type = CHECKSUM_TYPE_NONE; } + if (opt->target == BACKUP_TARGET_SERVER) + { + if (opt->target_detail == NULL) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), + errmsg("target '%s' requires a target detail", + target_str))); + } + else + { + if (opt->target_detail != NULL) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), + errmsg("target '%s' does not accept a target detail", + target_str))); + } } @@ -908,14 +939,38 @@ SendBaseBackup(BaseBackupCmd *cmd) /* * If the TARGET option was specified, then we can use the new copy-stream - * protocol. If not, we must fall back to the old and less capable - * copy-tablespace protocol. + * protocol. If the target is specifically 'client' then set up to stream + * the backup to the client; otherwise, it's being sent someplace else and + * should not be sent to the client. + * + * If the TARGET option was not specified, we must fall back to the older + * and less capable copy-tablespace protocol. */ - if (opt.target != BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT) - sink = bbsink_copystream_new(); + if (opt.target == BACKUP_TARGET_CLIENT) + sink = bbsink_copystream_new(true); + else if (opt.target != BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT) + sink = bbsink_copystream_new(false); else sink = bbsink_copytblspc_new(); + /* + * If a non-default backup target is in use, arrange to send the data + * wherever it needs to go. + */ + switch (opt.target) + { + case BACKUP_TARGET_BLACKHOLE: + /* Nothing to do, just discard data. */ + break; + case BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT: + case BACKUP_TARGET_CLIENT: + /* Nothing to do, handling above is sufficient. */ + break; + case BACKUP_TARGET_SERVER: + sink = bbsink_server_new(sink, opt.target_detail); + break; + } + /* Set up network throttling, if client requested it */ if (opt.maxrate > 0) sink = bbsink_throttle_new(sink, opt.maxrate); diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup_copy.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_copy.c index f42b368c03..60b2d50a5a 100644 --- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup_copy.c +++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_copy.c @@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ typedef struct bbsink_copystream /* Common information for all types of sink. */ bbsink base; + /* Are we sending the archives to the client, or somewhere else? */ + bool send_to_client; + /* * Protocol message buffer. We assemble CopyData protocol messages by * setting the first character of this buffer to 'd' (archive or manifest @@ -131,11 +134,12 @@ const bbsink_ops bbsink_copytblspc_ops = { * Create a new 'copystream' bbsink. */ bbsink * -bbsink_copystream_new(void) +bbsink_copystream_new(bool send_to_client) { bbsink_copystream *sink = palloc0(sizeof(bbsink_copystream)); *((const bbsink_ops **) &sink->base.bbs_ops) = &bbsink_copystream_ops; + sink->send_to_client = send_to_client; /* Set up for periodic progress reporting. */ sink->last_progress_report_time = GetCurrentTimestamp(); @@ -208,8 +212,12 @@ bbsink_copystream_archive_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) StringInfoData buf; uint64 targetbytes; - /* Send the archive content to the client (with leading type byte). */ - pq_putmessage('d', mysink->msgbuffer, len + 1); + /* Send the archive content to the client, if appropriate. */ + if (mysink->send_to_client) + { + /* Add one because we're also sending a leading type byte. */ + pq_putmessage('d', mysink->msgbuffer, len + 1); + } /* Consider whether to send a progress report to the client. */ targetbytes = mysink->bytes_done_at_last_time_check @@ -290,8 +298,11 @@ bbsink_copystream_manifest_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) { bbsink_copystream *mysink = (bbsink_copystream *) sink; - /* Send the manifest content to the client (with leading type byte). */ - pq_putmessage('d', mysink->msgbuffer, len + 1); + if (mysink->send_to_client) + { + /* Add one because we're also sending a leading type byte. */ + pq_putmessage('d', mysink->msgbuffer, len + 1); + } } /* diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ce1b7b4797 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ +/*------------------------------------------------------------------------- + * + * basebackup_server.c + * store basebackup archives on the server + * + * IDENTIFICATION + * src/backend/replication/basebackup_server.c + * + *------------------------------------------------------------------------- + */ +#include "postgres.h" + +#include "miscadmin.h" +#include "replication/basebackup.h" +#include "replication/basebackup_sink.h" +#include "storage/fd.h" +#include "utils/timestamp.h" +#include "utils/wait_event.h" + +typedef struct bbsink_server +{ + /* Common information for all types of sink. */ + bbsink base; + + /* Directory in which backup is to be stored. */ + char *pathname; + + /* Currently open file (or 0 if nothing open). */ + File file; + + /* Current file position. */ + off_t filepos; +} bbsink_server; + +static void bbsink_server_begin_archive(bbsink *sink, + const char *archive_name); +static void bbsink_server_archive_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len); +static void bbsink_server_end_archive(bbsink *sink); +static void bbsink_server_begin_manifest(bbsink *sink); +static void bbsink_server_manifest_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len); +static void bbsink_server_end_manifest(bbsink *sink); + +const bbsink_ops bbsink_server_ops = { + .begin_backup = bbsink_forward_begin_backup, + .begin_archive = bbsink_server_begin_archive, + .archive_contents = bbsink_server_archive_contents, + .end_archive = bbsink_server_end_archive, + .begin_manifest = bbsink_server_begin_manifest, + .manifest_contents = bbsink_server_manifest_contents, + .end_manifest = bbsink_server_end_manifest, + .end_backup = bbsink_forward_end_backup, + .cleanup = bbsink_forward_cleanup +}; + +/* + * Create a new 'server' bbsink. + */ +bbsink * +bbsink_server_new(bbsink *next, char *pathname) +{ + bbsink_server *sink = palloc0(sizeof(bbsink_server)); + + *((const bbsink_ops **) &sink->base.bbs_ops) = &bbsink_server_ops; + sink->pathname = pathname; + sink->base.bbs_next = next; + + /* Replication permission is not sufficient in this case. */ + if (!superuser()) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE), + errmsg("must be superuser to create server backup"))); + + /* + * It's not a good idea to store your backups in the same directory that + * you're backing up. If we allowed a relative path here, that could easily + * happen accidentally, so we don't. The user could still accomplish the + * same thing by including the absolute path to $PGDATA in the pathname, + * but that's likely an intentional bad decision rather than an accident. + */ + if (!is_absolute_path(pathname)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_NAME), + errmsg("relative path not allowed for server backup"))); + + switch (pg_check_dir(pathname)) + { + case 0: + /* + * Does not exist, so create it using the same permissions we'd use + * for a new subdirectory of the data directory itself. + */ + if (MakePGDirectory(pathname) < 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not create directory \"%s\": %m", pathname))); + break; + + case 1: + /* Exists, empty. */ + break; + + case 2: + case 3: + case 4: + /* Exists, not empty. */ + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_FILE), + errmsg("directory \"%s\" exists but is not empty", + pathname))); + break; + + default: + /* Access problem. */ + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not access directory \"%s\": %m", + pathname))); + } + + return &sink->base; +} + +/* + * Open the correct output file for this archive. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_begin_archive(bbsink *sink, const char *archive_name) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + char *filename; + + Assert(mysink->file == 0); + Assert(mysink->filepos == 0); + + filename = psprintf("%s/%s", mysink->pathname, archive_name); + + mysink->file = PathNameOpenFile(filename, + O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY | PG_BINARY); + if (mysink->file <= 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not create file \"%s\": %m", filename))); + + pfree(filename); + + bbsink_forward_begin_archive(sink, archive_name); +} + +/* + * Write the data to the output file. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_archive_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + int nbytes; + + nbytes = FileWrite(mysink->file, mysink->base.bbs_buffer, len, + mysink->filepos, WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_WRITE); + + if (nbytes != len) + { + if (nbytes < 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not write file \"%s\": %m", + FilePathName(mysink->file)), + errhint("Check free disk space."))); + /* short write: complain appropriately */ + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DISK_FULL), + errmsg("could not write file \"%s\": wrote only %d of %d bytes at offset %u", + FilePathName(mysink->file), + nbytes, (int) len, (unsigned) mysink->filepos), + errhint("Check free disk space."))); + } + + mysink->filepos += nbytes; + + bbsink_forward_archive_contents(sink, len); +} + +/* + * fsync and close the current output file. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_end_archive(bbsink *sink) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + + /* + * We intentionally don't use data_sync_elevel here, because the server + * shouldn't PANIC just because we can't guarantee the the backup has been + * written down to disk. Running recovery won't fix anything in this case + * anyway. + */ + if (FileSync(mysink->file, WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_SYNC) < 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not fsync file \"%s\": %m", + FilePathName(mysink->file)))); + + + /* We're done with this file now. */ + FileClose(mysink->file); + mysink->file = 0; + mysink->filepos = 0; + + bbsink_forward_end_archive(sink); +} + +/* + * Open the output file to which we will write the manifest. + * + * Just like pg_basebackup, we write the manifest first under a temporary + * name and then rename it into place after fsync. That way, if the manifest + * is there and under the correct name, the user can be sure that the backup + * completed. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_begin_manifest(bbsink *sink) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + char *tmp_filename; + + Assert(mysink->file == 0); + + tmp_filename = psprintf("%s/backup_manifest.tmp", mysink->pathname); + + mysink->file = PathNameOpenFile(tmp_filename, + O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY | PG_BINARY); + if (mysink->file <= 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not create file \"%s\": %m", tmp_filename))); + + pfree(tmp_filename); + + bbsink_forward_begin_manifest(sink); +} + +/* + * Each chunk of manifest data is sent using a CopyData message. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_manifest_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + int nbytes; + + nbytes = FileWrite(mysink->file, mysink->base.bbs_buffer, len, + mysink->filepos, WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_WRITE); + + if (nbytes != len) + { + if (nbytes < 0) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode_for_file_access(), + errmsg("could not write file \"%s\": %m", + FilePathName(mysink->file)), + errhint("Check free disk space."))); + /* short write: complain appropriately */ + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_DISK_FULL), + errmsg("could not write file \"%s\": wrote only %d of %d bytes at offset %u", + FilePathName(mysink->file), + nbytes, (int) len, (unsigned) mysink->filepos), + errhint("Check free disk space."))); + } + + mysink->filepos += nbytes; + + bbsink_forward_manifest_contents(sink, len); +} + +/* + * fsync the backup manifest, close the file, and then rename it into place. + */ +static void +bbsink_server_end_manifest(bbsink *sink) +{ + bbsink_server *mysink = (bbsink_server *) sink; + char *tmp_filename; + char *filename; + + /* We're done with this file now. */ + FileClose(mysink->file); + mysink->file = 0; + + /* + * Rename it into place. This also fsyncs the temporary file, so we don't + * need to do that here. We don't use data_sync_elevel here for the same + * reasons as in bbsink_server_end_archive. + */ + tmp_filename = psprintf("%s/backup_manifest.tmp", mysink->pathname); + filename = psprintf("%s/backup_manifest", mysink->pathname); + durable_rename(tmp_filename, filename, ERROR); + pfree(filename); + pfree(tmp_filename); + + bbsink_forward_end_manifest(sink); +} diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c index 0f5f18f02e..021b83de7a 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c @@ -522,6 +522,12 @@ pgstat_get_wait_io(WaitEventIO w) case WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_READ: event_name = "BaseBackupRead"; break; + case WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_SYNC: + event_name = "BaseBackupSync"; + break; + case WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_WRITE: + event_name = "BaseBackupWrite"; + break; case WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_READ: event_name = "BufFileRead"; break; diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c index 2a58be638a..ec3b4f3c17 100644 --- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c +++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ typedef enum static char *basedir = NULL; static TablespaceList tablespace_dirs = {NULL, NULL}; static char *xlog_dir = NULL; -static char format = 'p'; /* p(lain)/t(ar) */ +static char format = '\0'; /* p(lain)/t(ar) */ static char *label = "pg_basebackup base backup"; static bool noclean = false; static bool checksum_failure = false; @@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ static pg_time_t last_progress_report = 0; static int32 maxrate = 0; /* no limit by default */ static char *replication_slot = NULL; static bool temp_replication_slot = true; +static char *backup_target = NULL; static bool create_slot = false; static bool no_slot = false; static bool verify_checksums = true; @@ -364,6 +365,8 @@ usage(void) printf(_("Usage:\n")); printf(_(" %s [OPTION]...\n"), progname); printf(_("\nOptions controlling the output:\n")); + printf(_(" -t, --target=TARGET[:DETAIL]\n" + " backup target (if other than client)\n")); printf(_(" -D, --pgdata=DIRECTORY receive base backup into directory\n")); printf(_(" -F, --format=p|t output format (plain (default), tar)\n")); printf(_(" -r, --max-rate=RATE maximum transfer rate to transfer data directory\n" @@ -1232,15 +1235,22 @@ ReceiveArchiveStreamChunk(size_t r, char *copybuf, void *callback_data) } /* - * Create an appropriate backup streamer. We know that - * recovery GUCs are supported, because this protocol can only - * be used on v15+. + * Create an appropriate backup streamer, unless a backup + * target was specified. In that case, it's up to the server + * to put the backup wherever it needs to go. */ - state->streamer = - CreateBackupStreamer(archive_name, - spclocation, - &state->manifest_inject_streamer, - true, false); + if (backup_target == NULL) + { + /* + * We know that recovery GUCs are supported, because this + * protocol can only be used on v15+. + */ + state->streamer = + CreateBackupStreamer(archive_name, + spclocation, + &state->manifest_inject_streamer, + true, false); + } break; } @@ -1312,24 +1322,32 @@ ReceiveArchiveStreamChunk(size_t r, char *copybuf, void *callback_data) GetCopyDataEnd(r, copybuf, cursor); /* - * If we're supposed inject the manifest into the archive, we - * prepare to buffer it in memory; otherwise, we prepare to - * write it to a temporary file. + * If a backup target was specified, figuring out where to put + * the manifest is the server's problem. Otherwise, we need to + * deal with it. */ - if (state->manifest_inject_streamer != NULL) - state->manifest_buffer = createPQExpBuffer(); - else + if (backup_target == NULL) { - snprintf(state->manifest_filename, - sizeof(state->manifest_filename), - "%s/backup_manifest.tmp", basedir); - state->manifest_file = - fopen(state->manifest_filename, "wb"); - if (state->manifest_file == NULL) + /* + * If we're supposed inject the manifest into the archive, + * we prepare to buffer it in memory; otherwise, we + * prepare to write it to a temporary file. + */ + if (state->manifest_inject_streamer != NULL) + state->manifest_buffer = createPQExpBuffer(); + else { - pg_log_error("could not create file \"%s\": %m", - state->manifest_filename); - exit(1); + snprintf(state->manifest_filename, + sizeof(state->manifest_filename), + "%s/backup_manifest.tmp", basedir); + state->manifest_file = + fopen(state->manifest_filename, "wb"); + if (state->manifest_file == NULL) + { + pg_log_error("could not create file \"%s\": %m", + state->manifest_filename); + exit(1); + } } } break; @@ -1698,13 +1716,41 @@ BaseBackup(void) if (manifest) { AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, "MANIFEST", - manifest_force_encode ? "force-encode" : "yes"); + manifest_force_encode ? "force-encode" : "yes"); if (manifest_checksums != NULL) AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, - "MANIFEST_CHECKSUMS", manifest_checksums); + "MANIFEST_CHECKSUMS", manifest_checksums); } - if (serverMajor >= 1500) + if (backup_target != NULL) + { + char *colon; + + if (serverMajor < 1500) + { + pg_log_error("backup targets are not supported by this server version"); + exit(1); + } + + AppendPlainCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, "TABLESPACE_MAP"); + + if ((colon = strchr(backup_target, ':')) == NULL) + { + AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, + "TARGET", backup_target); + } + else + { + char *target; + + target = pnstrdup(backup_target, colon - backup_target); + AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, + "TARGET", target); + AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, + "TARGET_DETAIL", colon + 1); + } + } + else if (serverMajor >= 1500) AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, "TARGET", "client"); @@ -1799,8 +1845,13 @@ BaseBackup(void) * Verify tablespace directories are empty. Don't bother with the * first once since it can be relocated, and it will be checked before * we do anything anyway. + * + * Note that this is skipped for tar format backups and backups that + * the server is storing to a target location, since in that case + * we won't be storing anything into these directories and thus should + * not create them. */ - if (format == 'p' && !PQgetisnull(res, i, 1)) + if (backup_target == NULL && format == 'p' && !PQgetisnull(res, i, 1)) { char *path = unconstify(char *, get_tablespace_mapping(PQgetvalue(res, i, 1))); @@ -1811,7 +1862,8 @@ BaseBackup(void) /* * When writing to stdout, require a single tablespace */ - writing_to_stdout = format == 't' && strcmp(basedir, "-") == 0; + writing_to_stdout = format == 't' && basedir != NULL && + strcmp(basedir, "-") == 0; if (writing_to_stdout && PQntuples(res) > 1) { pg_log_error("can only write single tablespace to stdout, database has %d", @@ -1894,7 +1946,7 @@ BaseBackup(void) res = PQgetResult(conn); if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK) { - pg_log_error("could not get write-ahead log end position from server: %s", + pg_log_error("backup failed: %s", PQerrorMessage(conn)); exit(1); } @@ -2028,8 +2080,11 @@ BaseBackup(void) * synced after being completed. In plain format, all the data of the * base directory is synced, taking into account all the tablespaces. * Errors are not considered fatal. + * + * If, however, there's a backup target, we're not writing anything + * locally, so in that case we skip this step. */ - if (do_sync) + if (do_sync && backup_target == NULL) { if (verbose) pg_log_info("syncing data to disk ..."); @@ -2051,7 +2106,7 @@ BaseBackup(void) * without a backup_manifest file, decreasing the chances that a directory * we leave behind will be mistaken for a valid backup. */ - if (!writing_to_stdout && manifest) + if (!writing_to_stdout && manifest && backup_target == NULL) { char tmp_filename[MAXPGPATH]; char filename[MAXPGPATH]; @@ -2085,6 +2140,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {"max-rate", required_argument, NULL, 'r'}, {"write-recovery-conf", no_argument, NULL, 'R'}, {"slot", required_argument, NULL, 'S'}, + {"target", required_argument, NULL, 't'}, {"tablespace-mapping", required_argument, NULL, 'T'}, {"wal-method", required_argument, NULL, 'X'}, {"gzip", no_argument, NULL, 'z'}, @@ -2135,7 +2191,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) atexit(cleanup_directories_atexit); - while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "CD:F:r:RS:T:X:l:nNzZ:d:c:h:p:U:s:wWkvP", + while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "CD:F:r:RS:t:T:X:l:nNzZ:d:c:h:p:U:s:wWkvP", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) { switch (c) @@ -2176,6 +2232,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) case 2: no_slot = true; break; + case 't': + backup_target = pg_strdup(optarg); + break; case 'T': tablespace_list_append(optarg); break; @@ -2308,27 +2367,72 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) } /* - * Required arguments + * Setting the backup target to 'client' is equivalent to leaving out the + * option. This logic allows us to assume elsewhere that the backup is + * being stored locally if and only if backup_target == NULL. + */ + if (backup_target != NULL && strcmp(backup_target, "client") == 0) + { + pg_free(backup_target); + backup_target = NULL; + } + + /* + * Can't use --format with --target. Without --target, default format is + * tar. + */ + if (backup_target != NULL && format != '\0') + { + pg_log_error("cannot specify both format and backup target"); + fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), + progname); + exit(1); + } + if (format == '\0') + format = 'p'; + + /* + * Either directory or backup target should be specified, but not both */ - if (basedir == NULL) + if (basedir == NULL && backup_target == NULL) { - pg_log_error("no target directory specified"); + pg_log_error("must specify output directory or backup target"); + fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), + progname); + exit(1); + } + if (basedir != NULL && backup_target != NULL) + { + pg_log_error("cannot specify both output directory and backup target"); fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), progname); exit(1); } /* - * Mutually exclusive arguments + * Compression doesn't make sense unless tar format is in use. */ if (format == 'p' && compresslevel != 0) { - pg_log_error("only tar mode backups can be compressed"); + if (backup_target == NULL) + pg_log_error("only tar mode backups can be compressed"); + else + pg_log_error("client-side compression is not possible when a backup target is specfied"); fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), progname); exit(1); } + /* + * Sanity checks for WAL method. + */ + if (backup_target != NULL && includewal == STREAM_WAL) + { + pg_log_error("WAL cannot be streamed when a backup target is specified"); + fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), + progname); + exit(1); + } if (format == 't' && includewal == STREAM_WAL && strcmp(basedir, "-") == 0) { pg_log_error("cannot stream write-ahead logs in tar mode to stdout"); @@ -2345,6 +2449,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) exit(1); } + /* + * Sanity checks for replication slot options. + */ if (no_slot) { if (replication_slot) @@ -2378,8 +2485,18 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) } } + /* + * Sanity checks on WAL directory. + */ if (xlog_dir) { + if (backup_target != NULL) + { + pg_log_error("WAL directory location cannot be specified along with a backup target"); + fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), + progname); + exit(1); + } if (format != 'p') { pg_log_error("WAL directory location can only be specified in plain mode"); @@ -2400,6 +2517,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) } #ifndef HAVE_LIBZ + /* Sanity checks for compression level. */ if (compresslevel != 0) { pg_log_error("this build does not support compression"); @@ -2407,6 +2525,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) } #endif + /* + * Sanity checks for progress reporting options. + */ if (showprogress && !estimatesize) { pg_log_error("%s and %s are incompatible options", @@ -2416,6 +2537,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) exit(1); } + /* + * Sanity checks for backup manifest options. + */ if (!manifest && manifest_checksums != NULL) { pg_log_error("%s and %s are incompatible options", @@ -2458,11 +2582,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) manifest = false; /* - * Verify that the target directory exists, or create it. For plaintext - * backups, always require the directory. For tar backups, require it - * unless we are writing to stdout. + * If an output directory was specified, verify that it exists, or create + * it. Note that for a tar backup, an output directory of "-" means we are + * writing to stdout, so do nothing in that case. */ - if (format == 'p' || strcmp(basedir, "-") != 0) + if (basedir != NULL && (format == 'p' || strcmp(basedir, "-") != 0)) verify_dir_is_empty_or_create(basedir, &made_new_pgdata, &found_existing_pgdata); /* determine remote server's xlog segment size */ diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl index f0243f28d4..f7e21941eb 100644 --- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl +++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use File::Path qw(rmtree); use Fcntl qw(:seek); use PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster; use PostgreSQL::Test::Utils; -use Test::More tests => 115; +use Test::More tests => 135; program_help_ok('pg_basebackup'); program_version_ok('pg_basebackup'); @@ -474,6 +474,68 @@ $node->command_ok( ], 'pg_basebackup -X stream runs with --no-slot'); rmtree("$tempdir/backupnoslot"); +$node->command_ok( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '-D', "$tempdir/backupxf", '-X', 'fetch' ], + 'pg_basebackup -X fetch runs'); + +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole' ], + qr/WAL cannot be streamed when a backup target is specified/, + 'backup target requires -X'); +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole', '-X', 'stream' ], + qr/WAL cannot be streamed when a backup target is specified/, + 'backup target requires -X other than -X stream'); +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'bogus', '-X', 'none' ], + qr/unrecognized target/, + 'backup target unrecognized'); +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole', '-X', 'none', '-D', "$tempdir/blackhole" ], + qr/cannot specify both output directory and backup target/, + 'backup target and output directory'); +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole', '-X', 'none', '-Ft' ], + qr/cannot specify both format and backup target/, + 'backup target and output directory'); +$node->command_ok( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole', '-X', 'none' ], + 'backup target blackhole'); +$node->command_ok( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', "server:$tempdir/backuponserver", '-X', 'none' ], + 'backup target server'); +ok(-f "$tempdir/backuponserver/base.tar", 'backup tar was created'); +rmtree("$tempdir/backuponserver"); + +$node->command_fails( + [ + @pg_basebackup_defs, '-D', + "$tempdir/backupxs_sl_fail", '-X', + 'stream', '-S', + 'slot0' + ], + 'pg_basebackup fails with nonexistent replication slot'); + +$node->command_fails( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '-D', "$tempdir/backupxs_slot", '-C' ], + 'pg_basebackup -C fails without slot name'); + +$node->command_fails( + [ + @pg_basebackup_defs, '-D', + "$tempdir/backupxs_slot", '-C', + '-S', 'slot0', + '--no-slot' + ], + 'pg_basebackup fails with -C -S --no-slot'); +$node->command_fails_like( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '--target', 'blackhole', '-D', "$tempdir/blackhole" ], + qr/cannot specify both output directory and backup target/, + 'backup target and output directory'); + +$node->command_ok( + [ @pg_basebackup_defs, '-D', "$tempdir/backuptr/co", '-X', 'none' ], + 'pg_basebackup -X fetch runs'); $node->command_fails( [ diff --git a/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h b/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h index 25436defa8..4acadf406d 100644 --- a/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h +++ b/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h @@ -282,9 +282,10 @@ extern void bbsink_forward_end_backup(bbsink *sink, XLogRecPtr endptr, extern void bbsink_forward_cleanup(bbsink *sink); /* Constructors for various types of sinks. */ -extern bbsink *bbsink_copystream_new(void); +extern bbsink *bbsink_copystream_new(bool send_to_client); extern bbsink *bbsink_copytblspc_new(void); extern bbsink *bbsink_progress_new(bbsink *next, bool estimate_backup_size); +extern bbsink *bbsink_server_new(bbsink *next, char *pathname); extern bbsink *bbsink_throttle_new(bbsink *next, uint32 maxrate); /* Extra interface functions for progress reporting. */ diff --git a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h index e0b2f56f47..395d325c5f 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/wait_event.h +++ b/src/include/utils/wait_event.h @@ -157,6 +157,8 @@ typedef enum typedef enum { WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_READ = PG_WAIT_IO, + WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_SYNC, + WAIT_EVENT_BASEBACKUP_WRITE, WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_READ, WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_WRITE, WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_TRUNCATE, -- 2.24.3 (Apple Git-128) [application/octet-stream] v11-0002-Server-side-gzip-compression.patch (21.1K, ../../CA+TgmoboJJE6M+u4f2E9vKaKGVq6jKync81Bi1jFW8QChscwOg@mail.gmail.com/3-v11-0002-Server-side-gzip-compression.patch) download | inline diff: From bf4a54d2ffc6ea55f5927b7fe8df4caef80d25aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robert Haas <[email protected]> Date: Fri, 5 Nov 2021 10:05:02 -0400 Subject: [PATCH v11 2/2] Server-side gzip compression. pg_basebackup now has a --server-compression option, which can be set to 'none' (the default), 'gzip', or 'gzipN' where N is a digit between 1 and 9. If set to 'gzip' or 'gzipN' it will compress the generated tar files on the server side using 'gzip', either at the default compression level or a the compression level specified by N. At present, pg_basebackup cannot decompress .gz files, so the --server-compression option will cause a failure if (1) -Ft is not used or (2) -R is used or (3) -D- is used without --no-manifest. Patch by me, with a bug fix by Jeevan Ladhe. --- doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml | 29 ++- src/backend/Makefile | 2 +- src/backend/replication/Makefile | 1 + src/backend/replication/basebackup.c | 39 +++ src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c | 304 ++++++++++++++++++++++ src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c | 43 ++- src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h | 1 + 7 files changed, 415 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml index 165a9ea5cc..9ce8b8d89d 100644 --- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml +++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml @@ -224,6 +224,31 @@ PostgreSQL documentation </listitem> </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><option>--server-compression=<replaceable class="parameter">target</replaceable></option></term> + <listitem> + + <para> + Allows the tar files generated for each tablespace to be compressed + on the server, before they are sent to the client. The default value + is <literal>none</literal>, which performs no compression. If set + to <literal>gzip</literal>, compression is performed using gzip and + the suffix <filename>.gz</filename> will automatically be added to + compressed files. A numeric digit between 1 and 9 can be added to + specify the compression level; for instance, <literal>gzip9</literal> + will provide the maximum compression that the <literal>gzip</literal> + algorithm can provide. + </para> + <para> + Since the write-ahead logs are fetched via a separate client + connection, they cannot be compressed using this option. See also + the <literal>--gzip</literal> and <literal>--compress</literal> + options. + </para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">target</replaceable></option></term> <term><option>--target=<replaceable class="parameter">target</replaceable></option></term> @@ -405,7 +430,9 @@ PostgreSQL documentation compression level (0 through 9, 0 being no compression and 9 being best compression). Compression is only available when using the tar format, and the suffix <filename>.gz</filename> will - automatically be added to all tar filenames. + automatically be added to all tar filenames. When this option is + used, compression is performed on the client side; + see also <literal>--server-compression</literal>. </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> diff --git a/src/backend/Makefile b/src/backend/Makefile index add9560be4..4a02006788 100644 --- a/src/backend/Makefile +++ b/src/backend/Makefile @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ OBJS = \ LIBS := $(filter-out -lpgport -lpgcommon, $(LIBS)) $(LDAP_LIBS_BE) $(ICU_LIBS) # The backend doesn't need everything that's in LIBS, however -LIBS := $(filter-out -lz -lreadline -ledit -ltermcap -lncurses -lcurses, $(LIBS)) +LIBS := $(filter-out -lreadline -ledit -ltermcap -lncurses -lcurses, $(LIBS)) ifeq ($(with_systemd),yes) LIBS += -lsystemd diff --git a/src/backend/replication/Makefile b/src/backend/replication/Makefile index a8f4757f0c..8ec60ded76 100644 --- a/src/backend/replication/Makefile +++ b/src/backend/replication/Makefile @@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ OBJS = \ backup_manifest.o \ basebackup.o \ basebackup_copy.o \ + basebackup_gzip.o \ basebackup_progress.o \ basebackup_server.o \ basebackup_sink.o \ diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c index d32da51535..4bed0f18b7 100644 --- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c +++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c @@ -61,6 +61,12 @@ typedef enum BACKUP_TARGET_SERVER } backup_target_type; +typedef enum +{ + BACKUP_COMPRESSION_NONE, + BACKUP_COMPRESSION_GZIP +} basebackup_compression_type; + typedef struct { const char *label; @@ -73,6 +79,8 @@ typedef struct backup_target_type target; char *target_detail; backup_manifest_option manifest; + basebackup_compression_type compression; + int compression_level; pg_checksum_type manifest_checksum_type; } basebackup_options; @@ -707,11 +715,13 @@ parse_basebackup_options(List *options, basebackup_options *opt) bool o_target = false; bool o_target_detail = false; char *target_str = "compat"; /* placate compiler */ + bool o_compression = false; MemSet(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt)); opt->target = BACKUP_TARGET_COMPAT; opt->manifest = MANIFEST_OPTION_NO; opt->manifest_checksum_type = CHECKSUM_TYPE_CRC32C; + opt->compression = BACKUP_COMPRESSION_NONE; foreach(lopt, options) { @@ -881,6 +891,31 @@ parse_basebackup_options(List *options, basebackup_options *opt) opt->target_detail = optval; o_target_detail = true; } + else if (strcmp(defel->defname, "compression") == 0) + { + char *optval = defGetString(defel); + + if (o_compression) + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), + errmsg("duplicate option \"%s\"", defel->defname))); + if (strcmp(optval, "none") == 0) + opt->compression = BACKUP_COMPRESSION_NONE; + else if (strcmp(optval, "gzip") == 0) + opt->compression = BACKUP_COMPRESSION_GZIP; + else if (strlen(optval) == 5 && strncmp(optval, "gzip", 4) == 0 && + optval[4] >= '1' && optval[4] <= '9') + { + opt->compression = BACKUP_COMPRESSION_GZIP; + opt->compression_level = optval[4] - '0'; + } + else + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR), + errmsg("unrecognized compression algorithm: \"%s\"", + optval))); + o_compression = true; + } } if (opt->label == NULL) opt->label = "base backup"; @@ -975,6 +1010,10 @@ SendBaseBackup(BaseBackupCmd *cmd) if (opt.maxrate > 0) sink = bbsink_throttle_new(sink, opt.maxrate); + /* Set up server-side compression, if client requested it */ + if (opt.compression == BACKUP_COMPRESSION_GZIP) + sink = bbsink_gzip_new(sink, opt.compression_level); + /* Set up progress reporting. */ sink = bbsink_progress_new(sink, opt.progress); diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..432423bd55 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +/*------------------------------------------------------------------------- + * + * basebackup_gzip.c + * Basebackup sink implementing gzip compression. + * + * Portions Copyright (c) 2010-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group + * + * IDENTIFICATION + * src/backend/replication/basebackup_gzip.c + * + *------------------------------------------------------------------------- + */ +#include "postgres.h" + +#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ +#include <zlib.h> +#endif + +#include "replication/basebackup_sink.h" + +#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ +typedef struct bbsink_gzip +{ + /* Common information for all types of sink. */ + bbsink base; + + /* Compression level. */ + int compresslevel; + + /* Compressed data stream. */ + z_stream zstream; + + /* Number of bytes staged in output buffer. */ + size_t bytes_written; +} bbsink_gzip; + +static void bbsink_gzip_begin_backup(bbsink *sink); +static void bbsink_gzip_begin_archive(bbsink *sink, const char *archive_name); +static void bbsink_gzip_archive_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len); +static void bbsink_gzip_manifest_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len); +static void bbsink_gzip_end_archive(bbsink *sink); +static void *gzip_palloc(void *opaque, unsigned items, unsigned size); +static void gzip_pfree(void *opaque, void *address); + +const bbsink_ops bbsink_gzip_ops = { + .begin_backup = bbsink_gzip_begin_backup, + .begin_archive = bbsink_gzip_begin_archive, + .archive_contents = bbsink_gzip_archive_contents, + .end_archive = bbsink_gzip_end_archive, + .begin_manifest = bbsink_forward_begin_manifest, + .manifest_contents = bbsink_gzip_manifest_contents, + .end_manifest = bbsink_forward_end_manifest, + .end_backup = bbsink_forward_end_backup, + .cleanup = bbsink_forward_cleanup +}; +#endif + +/* + * Create a new basebackup sink that performs gzip compression using the + * designated compression level. + */ +bbsink * +bbsink_gzip_new(bbsink *next, int compresslevel) +{ +#ifndef HAVE_LIBZ + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED), + errmsg("gzip compression is not supported by this build"))); +#else + bbsink_gzip *sink; + + Assert(next != NULL); + Assert(compresslevel >= 0 && compresslevel <= 9); + + if (compresslevel == 0) + compresslevel = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION; + + sink = palloc0(sizeof(bbsink_gzip)); + *((const bbsink_ops **) &sink->base.bbs_ops) = &bbsink_gzip_ops; + sink->base.bbs_next = next; + sink->compresslevel = compresslevel; + + return &sink->base; +#endif +} + +#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ + +/* + * Begin backup. + */ +static void +bbsink_gzip_begin_backup(bbsink *sink) +{ + /* + * We need our own buffer, because we're going to pass different data to + * the next sink than what gets passed to us. + */ + sink->bbs_buffer = palloc(sink->bbs_buffer_length); + + /* + * Since deflate() doesn't require the output buffer to be of any + * particular size, we can just make it the same size as the input buffer. + */ + bbsink_begin_backup(sink->bbs_next, sink->bbs_state, + sink->bbs_buffer_length); +} + +/* + * Prepare to compress the next archive. + */ +static void +bbsink_gzip_begin_archive(bbsink *sink, const char *archive_name) +{ + bbsink_gzip *mysink = (bbsink_gzip *) sink; + char *gz_archive_name; + z_stream *zs = &mysink->zstream; + + /* Initialize compressor object. */ + memset(zs, 0, sizeof(z_stream)); + zs->zalloc = gzip_palloc; + zs->zfree = gzip_pfree; + zs->next_out = (uint8 *) sink->bbs_next->bbs_buffer; + zs->avail_out = sink->bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length; + + /* + * We need to use deflateInit2() rather than deflateInit() here so that + * we can request a gzip header rather than a zlib header. Otherwise, we + * want to supply the same values that would have been used by default + * if we had just called deflateInit(). + * + * Per the documentation for deflateInit2, the third argument must be + * Z_DEFLATED; the fourth argument is the number of "window bits", by + * default 15, but adding 16 gets you a gzip header rather than a zlib + * header; the fifth argument controls memory usage, and 8 is the default; + * and likewise Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY is the default for the sixth argument. + */ + if (deflateInit2(zs, mysink->compresslevel, Z_DEFLATED, 15 + 16, 8, + Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) != Z_OK) + ereport(ERROR, + errcode(ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR), + errmsg("could not initialize compression library")); + + /* + * Add ".gz" to the archive name. Note that the pg_basebackup -z + * produces archives named ".tar.gz" rather than ".tgz", so we match + * that here. + */ + gz_archive_name = psprintf("%s.gz", archive_name); + Assert(sink->bbs_next != NULL); + bbsink_begin_archive(sink->bbs_next, gz_archive_name); + pfree(gz_archive_name); +} + +/* + * Compress the input data to the output buffer until we run out of input + * data. Each time the output buffer fills up, invoke the archive_contents() + * method for then next sink. + * + * Note that since we're compressing the input, it may very commonly happen + * that we consume all the input data without filling the output buffer. In + * that case, the compressed representation of the current input data won't + * actually be sent to the next bbsink until a later call to this function, + * or perhaps even not until bbsink_gzip_end_archive() is invoked. + */ +static void +bbsink_gzip_archive_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) +{ + bbsink_gzip *mysink = (bbsink_gzip *) sink; + z_stream *zs = &mysink->zstream; + + /* Compress data from input buffer. */ + zs->next_in = (uint8 *) mysink->base.bbs_buffer; + zs->avail_in = len; + + while (zs->avail_in > 0) + { + int res; + + /* Write output data into unused portion of output buffer. */ + Assert(mysink->bytes_written < mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length); + zs->next_out = (uint8 *) + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer + mysink->bytes_written; + zs->avail_out = + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length - mysink->bytes_written; + + /* + * Try to compress. Note that this will update zs->next_in and + * zs->avail_in according to how much input data was consumed, and + * zs->next_out and zs->avail_out according to how many output bytes + * were produced. + * + * According to the zlib documentation, Z_STREAM_ERROR should only + * occur if we've made a programming error, or if say there's been a + * memory clobber; we use elog() rather than Assert() here out of an + * abundance of caution. + */ + res = deflate(zs, Z_NO_FLUSH); + if (res == Z_STREAM_ERROR) + elog(ERROR, "could not compress data: %s", zs->msg); + + /* Update our notion of how many bytes we've written. */ + mysink->bytes_written = + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length - zs->avail_out; + + /* + * If the output buffer is full, it's time for the next sink to + * process the contents. + */ + if (mysink->bytes_written >= mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length) + { + bbsink_archive_contents(sink->bbs_next, mysink->bytes_written); + mysink->bytes_written = 0; + } + } +} + +/* + * There might be some data inside zlib's internal buffers; we need to get + * that flushed out and forwarded to the successor sink as archive content. + * + * Then we can end processing for this archive. + */ +static void +bbsink_gzip_end_archive(bbsink *sink) +{ + bbsink_gzip *mysink = (bbsink_gzip *) sink; + z_stream *zs = &mysink->zstream; + + /* There is no more data available. */ + zs->next_in = (uint8 *) mysink->base.bbs_buffer; + zs->avail_in = 0; + + while (1) + { + int res; + + /* Write output data into unused portion of output buffer. */ + Assert(mysink->bytes_written < mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length); + zs->next_out = (uint8 *) + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer + mysink->bytes_written; + zs->avail_out = + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length - mysink->bytes_written; + + /* + * As bbsink_gzip_archive_contents, but pass Z_FINISH since there + * is no more input. + */ + res = deflate(zs, Z_FINISH); + if (res == Z_STREAM_ERROR) + elog(ERROR, "could not compress data: %s", zs->msg); + + /* Update our notion of how many bytes we've written. */ + mysink->bytes_written = + mysink->base.bbs_next->bbs_buffer_length - zs->avail_out; + + /* + * Apparently we had no data in the output buffer and deflate() + * was not able to add any. We must be done. + */ + if (mysink->bytes_written == 0) + break; + + /* Send whatever accumulated output bytes we have. */ + bbsink_archive_contents(sink->bbs_next, mysink->bytes_written); + mysink->bytes_written = 0; + } + + /* Must also pass on the information that this archive has ended. */ + bbsink_forward_end_archive(sink); +} + +/* + * Manifest contents are not compressed, but we do need to copy them into + * the successor sink's buffer, because we have our own. + */ +static void +bbsink_gzip_manifest_contents(bbsink *sink, size_t len) +{ + memcpy(sink->bbs_next->bbs_buffer, sink->bbs_buffer, len); + bbsink_manifest_contents(sink->bbs_next, len); +} + +/* + * Wrapper function to adjust the signature of palloc to match what libz + * expects. + */ +static void * +gzip_palloc(void *opaque, unsigned items, unsigned size) +{ + return palloc(items * size); +} + +/* + * Wrapper function to adjust the signature of pfree to match what libz + * expects. + */ +static void +gzip_pfree(void *opaque, void *address) +{ + pfree(address); +} + +#endif diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c index ec3b4f3c17..6ee49a5672 100644 --- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c +++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ static bool verify_checksums = true; static bool manifest = true; static bool manifest_force_encode = false; static char *manifest_checksums = NULL; +static char *server_compression = NULL; static bool success = false; static bool made_new_pgdata = false; @@ -373,13 +374,15 @@ usage(void) " (in kB/s, or use suffix \"k\" or \"M\")\n")); printf(_(" -R, --write-recovery-conf\n" " write configuration for replication\n")); + printf(_(" --server-compression=none|gzip|gzip[1-9]\n" + " compress backup on server\n")); printf(_(" -T, --tablespace-mapping=OLDDIR=NEWDIR\n" " relocate tablespace in OLDDIR to NEWDIR\n")); printf(_(" --waldir=WALDIR location for the write-ahead log directory\n")); printf(_(" -X, --wal-method=none|fetch|stream\n" " include required WAL files with specified method\n")); - printf(_(" -z, --gzip compress tar output\n")); - printf(_(" -Z, --compress=0-9 compress tar output with given compression level\n")); + printf(_(" -z, --gzip compress tar output on client\n")); + printf(_(" -Z, --compress=0-9 compress tar output on client with given compression level\n")); printf(_("\nGeneral options:\n")); printf(_(" -c, --checkpoint=fast|spread\n" " set fast or spread checkpointing\n")); @@ -999,7 +1002,9 @@ CreateBackupStreamer(char *archive_name, char *spclocation, bbstreamer *streamer; bbstreamer *manifest_inject_streamer = NULL; bool inject_manifest; + bool is_tar; bool must_parse_archive; + int archive_name_len = strlen(archive_name); /* * Normally, we emit the backup manifest as a separate file, but when @@ -1008,13 +1013,32 @@ CreateBackupStreamer(char *archive_name, char *spclocation, */ inject_manifest = (format == 't' && strcmp(basedir, "-") == 0 && manifest); + /* Is this a tar archive? */ + is_tar = (archive_name_len > 4 && + strcmp(archive_name + archive_name_len - 4, ".tar") == 0); + /* * We have to parse the archive if (1) we're suppose to extract it, or if * (2) we need to inject backup_manifest or recovery configuration into it. + * However, we only know how to parse tar archives. */ must_parse_archive = (format == 'p' || inject_manifest || (spclocation == NULL && writerecoveryconf)); + /* At present, we only know how to parse tar archives. */ + if (must_parse_archive && !is_tar) + { + pg_log_error("unable to parse archive: %s", archive_name); + pg_log_info("only tar archives can be parsed"); + if (format == 'p') + pg_log_info("plain format requires pg_basebackup to parse the archive"); + if (inject_manifest) + pg_log_info("using - as the output directory requires pg_basebackup to parse the archive"); + if (writerecoveryconf) + pg_log_info("the -R option requires pg_basebackup to parse the archive"); + exit(1); + } + if (format == 'p') { const char *directory; @@ -1754,6 +1778,17 @@ BaseBackup(void) AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, "TARGET", "client"); + if (server_compression != NULL) + { + if (!use_new_option_syntax) + { + pg_log_error("server does not support server-side compression"); + exit(1); + } + AppendStringCommandOption(&buf, use_new_option_syntax, + "COMPRESSION", server_compression); + } + if (verbose) pg_log_info("initiating base backup, waiting for checkpoint to complete"); @@ -2164,6 +2199,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {"no-manifest", no_argument, NULL, 5}, {"manifest-force-encode", no_argument, NULL, 6}, {"manifest-checksums", required_argument, NULL, 7}, + {"server-compression", required_argument, NULL, 8}, {NULL, 0, NULL, 0} }; int c; @@ -2343,6 +2379,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) case 7: manifest_checksums = pg_strdup(optarg); break; + case 8: + server_compression = pg_strdup(optarg); + break; default: /* diff --git a/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h b/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h index 4acadf406d..d3276b2487 100644 --- a/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h +++ b/src/include/replication/basebackup_sink.h @@ -284,6 +284,7 @@ extern void bbsink_forward_cleanup(bbsink *sink); /* Constructors for various types of sinks. */ extern bbsink *bbsink_copystream_new(bool send_to_client); extern bbsink *bbsink_copytblspc_new(void); +extern bbsink *bbsink_gzip_new(bbsink *next, int compresslevel); extern bbsink *bbsink_progress_new(bbsink *next, bool estimate_backup_size); extern bbsink *bbsink_server_new(bbsink *next, char *pathname); extern bbsink *bbsink_throttle_new(bbsink *next, uint32 maxrate); -- 2.24.3 (Apple Git-128) ^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 49+ messages in thread
end of thread, other threads:[~2022-01-18 18:55 UTC | newest] Thread overview: 49+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed) -- links below jump to the message on this page -- 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-13 10:01 [PATCH 3/3] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2021-03-15 15:10 [PATCH v10 2/2] fk_arrays_elems Mark Rofail <[email protected]> 2022-01-18 18:55 Re: refactoring basebackup.c Robert Haas <[email protected]>
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