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[PATCH v10 5/7] Row pattern recognition patch (docs).
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* [PATCH v10 5/7] Row pattern recognition patch (docs).
@ 2023-10-22 02:22 Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Tatsuo Ishii @ 2023-10-22 02:22 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 doc/src/sgml/advanced.sgml   | 80 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 doc/src/sgml/func.sgml       | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml | 38 ++++++++++++++++-
 3 files changed, 170 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/advanced.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/advanced.sgml
index 755c9f1485..cf18dd887e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/advanced.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/advanced.sgml
@@ -537,6 +537,86 @@ WHERE pos &lt; 3;
     <literal>rank</literal> less than 3.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    Row pattern common syntax can be used to perform row pattern recognition
+    in a query. Row pattern common syntax includes two sub
+    clauses: <literal>DEFINE</literal>
+    and <literal>PATTERN</literal>. <literal>DEFINE</literal> defines
+    definition variables along with an expression. The expression must be a
+    logical expression, which means it must
+    return <literal>TRUE</literal>, <literal>FALSE</literal>
+    or <literal>NULL</literal>. The expression may comprise column references
+    and functions. Window functions, aggregate functions and subqueries are
+    not allowed. An example of <literal>DEFINE</literal> is as follows.
+
+<programlisting>
+DEFINE
+ LOWPRICE AS price &lt;= 100,
+ UP AS price &gt; PREV(price),
+ DOWN AS price &lt; PREV(price)
+</programlisting>
+
+    Note that <function>PREV</function> returns the price column in the
+    previous row if it's called in a context of row pattern recognition. So in
+    the second line the definition variable "UP" is <literal>TRUE</literal>
+    when the price column in the current row is greater than the price column
+    in the previous row. Likewise, "DOWN" is <literal>TRUE</literal> when when
+    the price column in the current row is lower than the price column in the
+    previous row.
+   </para>
+   <para>
+    Once <literal>DEFINE</literal> exists, <literal>PATTERN</literal> can be
+    used. <literal>PATTERN</literal> defines a sequence of rows that satisfies
+    certain conditions.  For example following <literal>PATTERN</literal>
+    defines that a row starts with the condition "LOWPRICE", then one or more
+    rows satisfy "UP" and finally one or more rows satisfy "DOWN". Note that
+    "+" means one or more matches. Also you can use "*", which means zero or
+    more matches. If a sequence of rows which satisfies the PATTERN is found,
+    in the starting row of the sequence of rows all window functions and
+    aggregates are shown in the target list. Note that aggregations only look
+    into the matched rows, rather than whole frame. In the second or
+    subsequent rows all window functions and aggregates are NULL. For rows
+    that do not match the PATTERN, all window functions and aggregates are
+    shown AS NULL too, except count which shows 0. This is because the
+    unmatched rows are in an empty frame. Example of
+    a <literal>SELECT</literal> using the <literal>DEFINE</literal>
+    and <literal>PATTERN</literal> clause is as follows.
+
+<programlisting>
+SELECT company, tdate, price,
+ first_value(price) OVER w,
+ max(price) OVER w,
+ count(price) OVER w
+FROM stock,
+ WINDOW w AS (
+ PARTITION BY company
+ ORDER BY tdate
+ ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
+ AFTER MATCH SKIP PAST LAST ROW
+ INITIAL
+ PATTERN (LOWPRICE UP+ DOWN+)
+ DEFINE
+  LOWPRICE AS price &lt;= 100,
+  UP AS price &gt; PREV(price),
+  DOWN AS price &lt; PREV(price)
+);
+</programlisting>
+<screen>
+ company  |   tdate    | price | first_value | max | count 
+----------+------------+-------+-------------+-----+-------
+ company1 | 2023-07-01 |   100 |         100 | 200 |     4
+ company1 | 2023-07-02 |   200 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-03 |   150 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-04 |   140 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-05 |   150 |             |     |     0
+ company1 | 2023-07-06 |    90 |          90 | 130 |     4
+ company1 | 2023-07-07 |   110 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-08 |   130 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-09 |   120 |             |     |      
+ company1 | 2023-07-10 |   130 |             |     |     0
+</screen>
+   </para>
+
    <para>
     When a query involves multiple window functions, it is possible to write
     out each one with a separate <literal>OVER</literal> clause, but this is
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
index 7c3e940afe..1d835af15a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
@@ -21878,6 +21878,7 @@ SELECT count(*) FROM sometable;
         returns <literal>NULL</literal> if there is no such row.
        </para></entry>
       </row>
+
      </tbody>
     </tgroup>
    </table>
@@ -21917,6 +21918,59 @@ SELECT count(*) FROM sometable;
    Other frame specifications can be used to obtain other effects.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+   Row pattern recognition navigation functions are listed in
+   <xref linkend="functions-rpr-navigation-table"/>.  These functions
+   can be used to describe DEFINE clause of Row pattern recognition.
+  </para>
+
+   <table id="functions-rpr-navigation-table">
+    <title>Row Pattern Navigation Functions</title>
+    <tgroup cols="1">
+     <thead>
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        Function
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        Description
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+     </thead>
+
+     <tbody>
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <indexterm>
+         <primary>prev</primary>
+        </indexterm>
+        <function>prev</function> ( <parameter>value</parameter> <type>anyelement</type> )
+        <returnvalue>anyelement</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        Returns the column value at the previous row;
+        returns NULL if there is no previous row in the window frame.
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <indexterm>
+         <primary>next</primary>
+        </indexterm>
+        <function>next</function> ( <parameter>value</parameter> <type>anyelement</type> )
+        <returnvalue>anyelement</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        Returns the column value at the next row;
+        returns NULL if there is no next row in the window frame.
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+     </tbody>
+    </tgroup>
+   </table>
+
   <note>
    <para>
     The SQL standard defines a <literal>RESPECT NULLS</literal> or
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml
index 42d78913cf..522ad9dd70 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml
@@ -969,8 +969,8 @@ WINDOW <replaceable class="parameter">window_name</replaceable> AS ( <replaceabl
     The <replaceable class="parameter">frame_clause</replaceable> can be one of
 
 <synopsis>
-{ RANGE | ROWS | GROUPS } <replaceable>frame_start</replaceable> [ <replaceable>frame_exclusion</replaceable> ]
-{ RANGE | ROWS | GROUPS } BETWEEN <replaceable>frame_start</replaceable> AND <replaceable>frame_end</replaceable> [ <replaceable>frame_exclusion</replaceable> ]
+{ RANGE | ROWS | GROUPS } <replaceable>frame_start</replaceable> [ <replaceable>frame_exclusion</replaceable> ] [row_pattern_common_syntax]
+{ RANGE | ROWS | GROUPS } BETWEEN <replaceable>frame_start</replaceable> AND <replaceable>frame_end</replaceable> [ <replaceable>frame_exclusion</replaceable> ] [row_pattern_common_syntax]
 </synopsis>
 
     where <replaceable>frame_start</replaceable>
@@ -1077,6 +1077,40 @@ EXCLUDE NO OTHERS
     a given peer group will be in the frame or excluded from it.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    The
+    optional <replaceable class="parameter">row_pattern_common_syntax</replaceable>
+    defines the <firstterm>row pattern recognition condition</firstterm> for
+    this
+    window. <replaceable class="parameter">row_pattern_common_syntax</replaceable>
+    includes following subclauses. <literal>AFTER MATCH SKIP PAST LAST
+    ROW</literal> or <literal>AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW</literal> controls
+    how to proceed to next row position after a match
+    found. With <literal>AFTER MATCH SKIP PAST LAST ROW</literal> (the
+    default) next row position is next to the last row of previous match. On
+    the other hand, with <literal>AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW</literal> next
+    row position is always next to the last row of previous
+    match. <literal>DEFINE</literal> defines definition variables along with a
+    boolean expression. <literal>PATTERN</literal> defines a sequence of rows
+    that satisfies certain conditions using variables defined
+    in <literal>DEFINE</literal> clause. If the variable is not defined in
+    the <literal>DEFINE</literal> clause, it is implicitly assumed
+    following is defined in the <literal>DEFINE</literal> clause.
+
+<synopsis>
+<literal>variable_name</literal> AS TRUE
+</synopsis>
+
+    Note that the maximu number of variables defined
+    in <literal>DEFINE</literal> clause is 26.
+
+<synopsis>
+[ AFTER MATCH SKIP PAST LAST ROW | AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW ]
+PATTERN <replaceable class="parameter">pattern_variable_name</replaceable>[+] [, ...]
+DEFINE <replaceable class="parameter">definition_varible_name</replaceable> AS <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> [, ...]
+</synopsis>
+   </para>
+
    <para>
     The purpose of a <literal>WINDOW</literal> clause is to specify the
     behavior of <firstterm>window functions</firstterm> appearing in the query's
-- 
2.25.1


----Next_Part(Sun_Oct_22_11_39_20_2023_140)--
Content-Type: Text/X-Patch; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline;
 filename="v10-0006-Row-pattern-recognition-patch-tests.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source
@ 2025-07-27 15:48 Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 265+ messages in thread

From: Lukas Fittl @ 2025-07-27 15:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

In passing also reduce the per-loop overhead caused by repeated divisions
in INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC when the ticks variable has become very large,
instead diff first and then turn it into nanosecs.
---
 src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/include/portability/instr_time.h    | 30 ++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
index a5621251afc..b77ef2063b6 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_timing/pg_test_timing.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *progname;
 
 static unsigned int test_duration = 3;
 static double max_rprct = 99.99;
+static bool fast_timing = false;
 
 /* record duration in powers of 2 nanoseconds */
 static long long int histogram[32];
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	static struct option long_options[] = {
 		{"duration", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
 		{"cutoff", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+		{"fast", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
 		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
 	};
 
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 	{
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
 		{
-			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF]\n"), progname);
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-d DURATION] [-c CUTOFF] [--fast]\n"), progname);
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
-	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:",
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "d:c:f:",
 								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (option)
@@ -125,6 +127,10 @@ handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 				}
 				break;
 
+			case 'f':
+				fast_timing = true;
+				break;
+
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
 						progname);
@@ -155,11 +161,31 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 	uint64		total_time;
 	int64		time_elapsed = 0;
 	uint64		loop_count = 0;
-	uint64		prev,
-				cur;
 	instr_time	start_time,
 				end_time,
-				temp;
+				prev,
+				cur;
+	char	   *time_source = NULL;
+	bool		fast_timing_used = false;
+
+	INSTR_TIME_INITIALIZE();
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
+	if (fast_timing && has_rdtsc)
+	{
+		time_source = "RDTSC";
+		fast_timing_used = true;
+	}
+	else if (has_rdtscp)
+		time_source = "RDTSCP";
+	else
+		time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#else
+	time_source = PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME;
+#endif
+	if (fast_timing && !fast_timing_used)
+		printf(_("Warning: Fast timing requested, but not available - regular timing source will be used\n"));
+	printf(_("Time source: %s\n"), time_source);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pre-zero the statistics data structures.  They're already zero by
@@ -173,8 +199,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 
 	total_time = duration > 0 ? duration * INT64CONST(1000000000) : 0;
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
-	cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(start_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(start_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start_time);
+	cur = start_time;
 
 	while (time_elapsed < total_time)
 	{
@@ -182,9 +211,11 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 					bits;
 
 		prev = cur;
-		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(temp);
-		cur = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
-		diff = cur - prev;
+		if (fast_timing)
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(cur);
+		else
+			INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(cur);
+		diff = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, prev);
 
 		/* Did time go backwards? */
 		if (unlikely(diff < 0))
@@ -217,11 +248,13 @@ test_timing(unsigned int duration)
 			largest_diff_count++;
 
 		loop_count++;
-		INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(temp, start_time);
-		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(temp);
+		time_elapsed = INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(cur, start_time);
 	}
 
-	INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
+	if (fast_timing)
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST(end_time);
+	else
+		INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end_time);
 
 	INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(end_time, start_time);
 
diff --git a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
index e2e339a0c4f..f02296f1026 100644
--- a/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
+++ b/src/include/portability/instr_time.h
@@ -112,10 +112,13 @@ extern int64 max_ticks_no_overflow;
  */
 #if defined(__darwin__) && defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)"
 #elif defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC)"
 #else
 #define PG_INSTR_CLOCK	CLOCK_REALTIME
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)"
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__linux__)
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ pg_get_ticks(void)
 }
 
 static inline int64_t
-pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
+pg_ticks_to_ns(int64 ticks)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Would multiplication overflow? If so perform computation in two parts.
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 	 */
 	int64		ns = 0;
 
-	if (unlikely(t.ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
+	if (unlikely(ticks > max_ticks_no_overflow))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Compute how often the maximum number of ticks fits completely into
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * value. In a 2nd step we adjust the number of elapsed ticks and
 		 * convert the remaining ticks.
 		 */
-		int64		count = t.ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		int64		count = ticks / max_ticks_no_overflow;
 		int64		max_ns = max_ticks_no_overflow * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 
 		ns = max_ns * count;
@@ -201,11 +204,11 @@ pg_ticks_to_ns(instr_time t)
 		 * Subtract the ticks that we now already accounted for, so that they
 		 * don't get counted twice.
 		 */
-		t.ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
-		Assert(t.ticks >= 0);
+		ticks -= count * max_ticks_no_overflow;
+		Assert(ticks >= 0);
 	}
 
-	ns += t.ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
+	ns += ticks * ticks_per_ns_scaled / TICKS_TO_NS_PRECISION;
 	return ns;
 }
 
@@ -226,14 +229,14 @@ pg_initialize_get_ticks()
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_get_ticks())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	pg_ticks_to_ns(t)
-
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	(pg_ticks_to_ns(ticks))
 
 #else							/* WIN32 */
 
 
 /* Use QueryPerformanceCounter() */
+#define PG_INSTR_CLOCK_NAME	"QueryPerformanceCounter"
 
 /* helper for INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT / INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT_FAST */
 static inline instr_time
@@ -265,8 +268,8 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(t) \
 	((t) = pg_query_performance_counter())
 
-#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
-	((int64) ((t).ticks * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
+#define INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC(ticks) \
+	((int64) ((ticks) * ((double) NS_PER_S / GetTimerFrequency())))
 
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
 
@@ -285,9 +288,14 @@ GetTimerFrequency(void)
 #define INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(x,y) \
 	((x).ticks -= (y).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_DIFF_NANOSEC(x,y) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((x).ticks - (y).ticks))
+
 #define INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(x,y,z) \
 	((x).ticks += (y).ticks - (z).ticks)
 
+#define INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) \
+	(INSTR_TIME_TICKS_TO_NANOSEC((t).ticks))
 
 #define INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(t) \
 	((double) INSTR_TIME_GET_NANOSEC(t) / NS_PER_S)
-- 
2.47.3


--vtqqtrpooseurzip--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 265+ messages in thread


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2023-10-22 02:22 [PATCH v10 5/7] Row pattern recognition patch (docs). Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>
2025-07-27 15:48 [PATCH v12 3/3] pg_test_timing: Add --fast flag to test fast timing, report time source Lukas Fittl <[email protected]>

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