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* Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
@ 2018-07-17 05:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 05:17 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Benjamin Scherrey <scherrey@proteus-tech.com>
2018-07-17 06:07 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-17 07:40 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:28 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Jeff Janes <jeff.janes@gmail.com>
0 siblings, 5 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-17 05:00 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: pgsql-performance
Dear,
Some of you can help me understand this.
This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
--- Execution Plans---
ssd 40g
https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
hdd 40g
https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
Query ------------------------------------
select
nation,
o_year,
sum(amount) as sum_profit
from
(
select
n_name as nation,
extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
l_quantity as amount
from
part,
supplier,
lineitem,
partsupp,
orders,
nation
where
s_suppkey = l_suppkey
and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
and ps_partkey = l_partkey
and p_partkey = l_partkey
and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
and p_name like '%orchid%'
) as profit
group by
nation,
o_year
order by
nation,
o_year desc
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 05:17 ` Benjamin Scherrey <scherrey@proteus-tech.com>
2018-07-17 05:43 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case winston cheung <winston_cheung@163.com>
4 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Benjamin Scherrey @ 2018-07-17 05:17 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance
What's the on disk cache size for each drive? The better HDD performance
problem won't be sustained with large amounts of data and several different
queries.
- - Ben Scherrey
On Tue, Jul 17, 2018, 12:01 PM Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com> wrote:
> Dear,
> Some of you can help me understand this.
>
> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>
> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>
> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>
> --- Execution Plans---
> ssd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>
> hdd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>
> Query ------------------------------------
>
> select
> nation,
> o_year,
> sum(amount) as sum_profit
> from
> (
> select
> n_name as nation,
> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
> l_quantity as amount
> from
> part,
> supplier,
> lineitem,
> partsupp,
> orders,
> nation
> where
> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
> and p_partkey = l_partkey
> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
> and p_name like '%orchid%'
> ) as profit
> group by
> nation,
> o_year
> order by
> nation,
> o_year desc
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 05:17 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Benjamin Scherrey <scherrey@proteus-tech.com>
@ 2018-07-17 05:43 ` winston cheung <winston_cheung@163.com>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: winston cheung @ 2018-07-17 05:43 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Benjamin Scherrey <scherrey@proteus-tech.com>; Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance
Can you show the configuration of postgresql.conf?
Query configuration method:
Select name, setting from pg_settings where name ~ 'buffers|cpu|^enable';
On 2018年07月17日 13:17, Benjamin Scherrey wrote:
> What's the on disk cache size for each drive? The better HDD
> performance problem won't be sustained with large amounts of data and
> several different queries.
>
> - - Ben Scherrey
>
> On Tue, Jul 17, 2018, 12:01 PM Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com
> <mailto:netopr9@gmail.com>> wrote:
>
> Dear,
> Some of you can help me understand this.
>
> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>
> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>
> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster
> than SSD.
>
> --- Execution Plans---
> ssd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>
> hdd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>
> Query ------------------------------------
>
> select
> nation,
> o_year,
> sum(amount) as sum_profit
> from
> (
> select
> n_name as nation,
> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
> l_quantity as amount
> from
> part,
> supplier,
> lineitem,
> partsupp,
> orders,
> nation
> where
> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
> and p_partkey = l_partkey
> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
> and p_name like '%orchid%'
> ) as profit
> group by
> nation,
> o_year
> order by
> nation,
> o_year desc
>
--
<b>张文升</b> winston<br />
PostgreSQL DBA<br />
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 06:07 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
4 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-17 06:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; pgsql-performance
Can you post make and model of the SSD concerned? In general the cheaper
consumer grade ones cannot do sustained read/writes at anything like
their quoted max values.
regards
Mark
On 17/07/18 17:00, Neto pr wrote:
> Dear,
> Some of you can help me understand this.
>
> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>
> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>
> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>
> --- Execution Plans---
> ssd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>
> hdd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>
> Query ------------------------------------
>
> select
> nation,
> o_year,
> sum(amount) as sum_profit
> from
> (
> select
> n_name as nation,
> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
> l_quantity as amount
> from
> part,
> supplier,
> lineitem,
> partsupp,
> orders,
> nation
> where
> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
> and p_partkey = l_partkey
> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
> and p_name like '%orchid%'
> ) as profit
> group by
> nation,
> o_year
> order by
> nation,
> o_year desc
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 07:40 ` Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
4 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Robert Zenz @ 2018-07-17 07:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org <pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
Are these different systems? Have you ruled out that during the HDD test the
data was available in memory?
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 08:08 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
4 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Fabio Pardi @ 2018-07-17 08:08 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
and another.
Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
- which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
- which HDD?
- how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
- on which OS?
- what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
- did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
bench?
- are you making a comparison on the same machine?
- is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
host caching and so on)
- how many times did you run the tests?
- did you change postgres configuration over tests?
- can you post postgres config?
- what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
approach :)
regards
fabio pardi
On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
> Dear,
> Some of you can help me understand this.
>
> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>
> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>
> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>
> --- Execution Plans---
> ssd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>
> hdd 40g
> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>
> Query ------------------------------------
>
> select
> nation,
> o_year,
> sum(amount) as sum_profit
> from
> (
> select
> n_name as nation,
> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
> l_quantity as amount
> from
> part,
> supplier,
> lineitem,
> partsupp,
> orders,
> nation
> where
> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
> and p_partkey = l_partkey
> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
> and p_name like '%orchid%'
> ) as profit
> group by
> nation,
> o_year
> order by
> nation,
> o_year desc
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
@ 2018-07-17 13:04 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
0 siblings, 2 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-17 13:04 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
follows my response.
-------------
Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
(I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
- Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
- I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
- Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
(echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
discs:
- 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
- 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
- The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
Best Regards
[ ]`s Neto
2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>
> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
> and another.
>
> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>
> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
> - which HDD?
> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
> - on which OS?
> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
> bench?
> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
> host caching and so on)
> - how many times did you run the tests?
> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
> - can you post postgres config?
> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>
> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>
> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
> approach :)
>
> regards
>
> fabio pardi
>
>
>
> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>> Dear,
>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>
>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>
>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>
>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>
>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>>
>> --- Execution Plans---
>> ssd 40g
>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>
>> hdd 40g
>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>
>> Query ------------------------------------
>>
>> select
>> nation,
>> o_year,
>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>> from
>> (
>> select
>> n_name as nation,
>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>> l_quantity as amount
>> from
>> part,
>> supplier,
>> lineitem,
>> partsupp,
>> orders,
>> nation
>> where
>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>> ) as profit
>> group by
>> nation,
>> o_year
>> order by
>> nation,
>> o_year desc
>>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 13:19 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
1 sibling, 2 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-17 13:19 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
> follows my response.
> -------------
>
> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>
> discs:
> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>
> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
>
One more information.
I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
Only exception is to :
random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
> Best Regards
> [ ]`s Neto
>
> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>
>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>> and another.
>>
>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>
>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>> - which HDD?
>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>> - on which OS?
>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>> bench?
>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>> host caching and so on)
>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>> - can you post postgres config?
>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>
>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>
>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>> approach :)
>>
>> regards
>>
>> fabio pardi
>>
>>
>>
>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>> Dear,
>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>
>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>
>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>
>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>
>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>>>
>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>> ssd 40g
>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>
>>> hdd 40g
>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>
>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>
>>> select
>>> nation,
>>> o_year,
>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>> from
>>> (
>>> select
>>> n_name as nation,
>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>> l_quantity as amount
>>> from
>>> part,
>>> supplier,
>>> lineitem,
>>> partsupp,
>>> orders,
>>> nation
>>> where
>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>> ) as profit
>>> group by
>>> nation,
>>> o_year
>>> order by
>>> nation,
>>> o_year desc
>>>
>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 13:44 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 13:50 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
2018-07-17 14:00 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:28 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
1 sibling, 3 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Nicolas Charles @ 2018-07-17 13:44 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Hi Neto,
You should list the SSD model also - there are pleinty of Samsung EVO
drives - and they are not professional grade.
Among the the possible issues, the most likely (from my point of view) are:
- TRIM command doesn't go through the RAID (which is really likely) - so
the SSD controller think it's full, and keep pushing blocks around to
level wear, causing massive perf degradation - please check this config
on you RAID driver/adapter
- TRIM is not configured on the OS level for the SSD
- Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
Without so little details on your system, we can only try to guess the
real issues
Nicolas
Nicolas CHARLES
Le 17/07/2018 à 15:19, Neto pr a écrit :
> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>> follows my response.
>> -------------
>>
>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>
>> discs:
>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>
>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
>>
> One more information.
> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
> Only exception is to :
> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>
>
>> Best Regards
>> [ ]`s Neto
>>
>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>
>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>> and another.
>>>
>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>
>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>> - which HDD?
>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>> - on which OS?
>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>> bench?
>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>>> host caching and so on)
>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>
>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>
>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>>> approach :)
>>>
>>> regards
>>>
>>> fabio pardi
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>> Dear,
>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>
>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>
>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>
>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>
>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>>>>
>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>> ssd 40g
>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>
>>>> hdd 40g
>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>
>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>
>>>> select
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year,
>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>> from
>>>> (
>>>> select
>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>> from
>>>> part,
>>>> supplier,
>>>> lineitem,
>>>> partsupp,
>>>> orders,
>>>> nation
>>>> where
>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>> ) as profit
>>>> group by
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year
>>>> order by
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year desc
>>>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
@ 2018-07-17 13:50 ` Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
2018-07-17 14:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Robert Zenz @ 2018-07-17 13:50 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org <pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org>
On 17.07.2018 15:44, Nicolas Charles wrote:
> - Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
Does that really make a noticeable difference? If yes, have you got some further
reading material on that?
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 13:50 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
@ 2018-07-17 14:08 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Nicolas Charles @ 2018-07-17 14:08 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org <pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org>
Le 17/07/2018 à 15:50, Robert Zenz a écrit :
> On 17.07.2018 15:44, Nicolas Charles wrote:
>> - Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
> Does that really make a noticeable difference? If yes, have you got some further
> reading material on that?
I was pretty sure it was, but looking at the litterature, it's not that
obvious. Especially
https://blog.pgaddict.com/posts/postgresql-performance-on-ext4-and-xfs
seems to mentions that it doesn't change a thing, while others stress
out that it is mandatory ( https://www.alibabacloud.com/forum/read-415,
https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Partition_Alignment )
Even on mecanical drives it's been reported to cause slowdown (
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-linux-on-4kb-sector-disks/index.html
)
Maybe the OS are more clever now, making it not so important as before ?
Nicolas
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
@ 2018-07-17 14:00 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:16 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-17 14:00 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-17 10:44 GMT-03:00 Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>:
> Hi Neto,
>
> You should list the SSD model also - there are pleinty of Samsung EVO drives
> - and they are not professional grade.
>
> Among the the possible issues, the most likely (from my point of view) are:
>
> - TRIM command doesn't go through the RAID (which is really likely) - so the
> SSD controller think it's full, and keep pushing blocks around to level
> wear, causing massive perf degradation - please check this config on you
> RAID driver/adapter
>
> - TRIM is not configured on the OS level for the SSD
>
> - Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
>
>
> Without so little details on your system, we can only try to guess the real
> issues
>
Thank you Nicolas, for your tips.
I believe your assumption is right.
This SSD really is not professional, even if Samsung's advertisement
says yes. If I have to buy another SSD I will prefer INTEL SSDs.
I had a previous problem with it (Sansung EVO) as it lost in
performance to a SAS HDD, but however, the SAS HDD was a 12 Gb/s
transfer rate and the SSD was 6 Gb/s.
But now I tested against an HDD (7200 RPM) that has the same transfer
rate as the SSD 6 Gb/sec. and could not lose in performance.
Maybe it's the unconfigured trim.
Could you give me some help on how I could check if my RAID is
configured for this, I use Hardware RAID using HP software (HP Storage
Provider on boot).
And on Debian 8 Operating System, how could I check the TRIM configuration ?
Best
[]'s Neto
>
> Nicolas
>
> Nicolas CHARLES
>
> Le 17/07/2018 à 15:19, Neto pr a écrit :
>>
>> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>>>
>>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>>> follows my response.
>>> -------------
>>>
>>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>
>>> discs:
>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>
>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
>>> disk.
>>>
>> One more information.
>> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
>> Only exception is to :
>> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>>
>>
>>> Best Regards
>>> [ ]`s Neto
>>>
>>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>>>
>>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>>
>>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>>> and another.
>>>>
>>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>>
>>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>>> - which HDD?
>>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>>> - on which OS?
>>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>>> bench?
>>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>>>> host caching and so on)
>>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>>
>>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>>
>>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>>>> approach :)
>>>>
>>>> regards
>>>>
>>>> fabio pardi
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Dear,
>>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>>
>>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>>
>>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>>
>>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>>
>>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than
>>>>> SSD.
>>>>>
>>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>>> ssd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>>
>>>>> hdd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>>
>>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>>
>>>>> select
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year,
>>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>>> from
>>>>> (
>>>>> select
>>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>>> from
>>>>> part,
>>>>> supplier,
>>>>> lineitem,
>>>>> partsupp,
>>>>> orders,
>>>>> nation
>>>>> where
>>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>>> ) as profit
>>>>> group by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year
>>>>> order by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year desc
>>>>>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 14:00 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 14:16 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Nicolas Charles @ 2018-07-17 14:16 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Le 17/07/2018 à 16:00, Neto pr a écrit :
> 2018-07-17 10:44 GMT-03:00 Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>:
>> Hi Neto,
>>
>> You should list the SSD model also - there are pleinty of Samsung EVO drives
>> - and they are not professional grade.
>>
>> Among the the possible issues, the most likely (from my point of view) are:
>>
>> - TRIM command doesn't go through the RAID (which is really likely) - so the
>> SSD controller think it's full, and keep pushing blocks around to level
>> wear, causing massive perf degradation - please check this config on you
>> RAID driver/adapter
>>
>> - TRIM is not configured on the OS level for the SSD
>>
>> - Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
>>
>>
>> Without so little details on your system, we can only try to guess the real
>> issues
>>
> Thank you Nicolas, for your tips.
> I believe your assumption is right.
>
> This SSD really is not professional, even if Samsung's advertisement
> says yes. If I have to buy another SSD I will prefer INTEL SSDs.
>
> I had a previous problem with it (Sansung EVO) as it lost in
> performance to a SAS HDD, but however, the SAS HDD was a 12 Gb/s
> transfer rate and the SSD was 6 Gb/s.
>
> But now I tested against an HDD (7200 RPM) that has the same transfer
> rate as the SSD 6 Gb/sec. and could not lose in performance.
>
> Maybe it's the unconfigured trim.
>
> Could you give me some help on how I could check if my RAID is
> configured for this, I use Hardware RAID using HP software (HP Storage
> Provider on boot).
> And on Debian 8 Operating System, how could I check the TRIM configuration ?
>
> Best
> []'s Neto
I'm no expert in HP system, but you can have a look at this thread and
referenced links
For the trim option in Debian, you need to define the mount options of
your partition, in /etc/fstab, to include "discard" (see
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_State_Drive#Continuous_TRIM )
Regards,
Nicolas
>> Nicolas
>>
>> Nicolas CHARLES
>>
>> Le 17/07/2018 à 15:19, Neto pr a écrit :
>>> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>>>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>>>> follows my response.
>>>> -------------
>>>>
>>>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>>>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>>>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>>>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>>>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>>>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>>>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>>>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>>
>>>> discs:
>>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>>
>>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
>>>> disk.
>>>>
>>> One more information.
>>> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
>>> Only exception is to :
>>> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>>>
>>>
>>>> Best Regards
>>>> [ ]`s Neto
>>>>
>>>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>>>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>>>
>>>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>>>> and another.
>>>>>
>>>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>>>
>>>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>>>> - which HDD?
>>>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>>>> - on which OS?
>>>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>>>> bench?
>>>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>>>>> host caching and so on)
>>>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>>>
>>>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>>>
>>>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>>>>> approach :)
>>>>>
>>>>> regards
>>>>>
>>>>> fabio pardi
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>>>> Dear,
>>>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>>>
>>>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>>>
>>>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than
>>>>>> SSD.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>>>> ssd 40g
>>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>>>
>>>>>> hdd 40g
>>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>> select
>>>>>> nation,
>>>>>> o_year,
>>>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>>>> from
>>>>>> (
>>>>>> select
>>>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>>>> from
>>>>>> part,
>>>>>> supplier,
>>>>>> lineitem,
>>>>>> partsupp,
>>>>>> orders,
>>>>>> nation
>>>>>> where
>>>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>>>> ) as profit
>>>>>> group by
>>>>>> nation,
>>>>>> o_year
>>>>>> order by
>>>>>> nation,
>>>>>> o_year desc
>>>>>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
@ 2018-07-17 23:28 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-17 23:28 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>; Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Yeah,
A +1 to telling us the model. In particular the later EVOs use TLC nand
with a small SLC cache... and when you exhaust the SLC cache the
performance can be worse than a HDD...
On 18/07/18 01:44, Nicolas Charles wrote:
> Hi Neto,
>
> You should list the SSD model also - there are pleinty of Samsung EVO
> drives - and they are not professional grade.
>
> Among the the possible issues, the most likely (from my point of view)
> are:
>
> - TRIM command doesn't go through the RAID (which is really likely) -
> so the SSD controller think it's full, and keep pushing blocks around
> to level wear, causing massive perf degradation - please check this
> config on you RAID driver/adapter
>
> - TRIM is not configured on the OS level for the SSD
>
> - Partitions is not correctly aligned on the SSD blocks
>
>
> Without so little details on your system, we can only try to guess the
> real issues
>
>
> Nicolas
>
> Nicolas CHARLES
> Le 17/07/2018 à 15:19, Neto pr a écrit :
>> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>>> follows my response.
>>> -------------
>>>
>>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>
>>> discs:
>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>
>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the
>>> SSD disk.
>>>
>> One more information.
>> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
>> Only exception is to :
>> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>>
>>
>>> Best Regards
>>> [ ]`s Neto
>>>
>>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure
>>>> that
>>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>>
>>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>>> and another.
>>>>
>>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>>
>>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>>> - which HDD?
>>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>>> - on which OS?
>>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>>> bench?
>>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the
>>>> disk,
>>>> host caching and so on)
>>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>>
>>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>>
>>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a
>>>> scientific
>>>> approach :)
>>>>
>>>> regards
>>>>
>>>> fabio pardi
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>>> Dear,
>>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>>
>>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>>
>>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>>
>>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>>
>>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster
>>>>> than SSD.
>>>>>
>>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>>> ssd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>>
>>>>> hdd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>>
>>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>>
>>>>> select
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year,
>>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>>> from
>>>>> (
>>>>> select
>>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>>> from
>>>>> part,
>>>>> supplier,
>>>>> lineitem,
>>>>> partsupp,
>>>>> orders,
>>>>> nation
>>>>> where
>>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>>> ) as profit
>>>>> group by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year
>>>>> order by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year desc
>>>>>
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 13:55 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 14:05 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
1 sibling, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Fabio Pardi @ 2018-07-17 13:55 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
If you have a RAID cache, i would disable it, since we are only focusing
on the disks. Cache can give you inconsistent data (even it looks like
is not the case here).
Also, we can do a step backward, and exclude postgres from the picture
for the moment.
try to perform a dd test in reading from disk, and let us know.
like:
- create big_enough_file
- empty OS cache
- dd if=big_enough_file of=/dev/null
and post the results for both disks.
Also i think it makes not much sense testing on RAID 0. I would start
performing tests on a single disk, bypassing RAID (or, as mentioned, at
least disabling cache).
The findings should narrow the focus
regards,
fabio pardi
On 07/17/2018 03:19 PM, Neto pr wrote:
> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>> follows my response.
>> -------------
>>
>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>
>> discs:
>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>
>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
>>
>
> One more information.
> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
> Only exception is to :
> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>
>
>> Best Regards
>> [ ]`s Neto
>>
>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>
>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>> and another.
>>>
>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>
>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>> - which HDD?
>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>> - on which OS?
>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>> bench?
>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>>> host caching and so on)
>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>
>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>
>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>>> approach :)
>>>
>>> regards
>>>
>>> fabio pardi
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>> Dear,
>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>
>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>
>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>
>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>
>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>>>>
>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>> ssd 40g
>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>
>>>> hdd 40g
>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>
>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>
>>>> select
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year,
>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>> from
>>>> (
>>>> select
>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>> from
>>>> part,
>>>> supplier,
>>>> lineitem,
>>>> partsupp,
>>>> orders,
>>>> nation
>>>> where
>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>> ) as profit
>>>> group by
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year
>>>> order by
>>>> nation,
>>>> o_year desc
>>>>
>>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
@ 2018-07-17 14:05 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:43 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
0 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-17 14:05 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-17 10:55 GMT-03:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
> If you have a RAID cache, i would disable it, since we are only focusing
> on the disks. Cache can give you inconsistent data (even it looks like
> is not the case here).
>
> Also, we can do a step backward, and exclude postgres from the picture
> for the moment.
>
> try to perform a dd test in reading from disk, and let us know.
>
> like:
>
> - create big_enough_file
> - empty OS cache
> - dd if=big_enough_file of=/dev/null
>
> and post the results for both disks.
>
> Also i think it makes not much sense testing on RAID 0. I would start
> performing tests on a single disk, bypassing RAID (or, as mentioned, at
> least disabling cache).
>
But in my case, both the 2 SSDs and the 2 HDDs are in RAID ZERO.
This way it would not be a valid test ? Because the 2 environments are
in RAID ZERO.
> The findings should narrow the focus
>
>
> regards,
>
> fabio pardi
>
> On 07/17/2018 03:19 PM, Neto pr wrote:
>> 2018-07-17 10:04 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>>> Sorry.. I replied in the wrong message before ...
>>> follows my response.
>>> -------------
>>>
>>> Thanks all, but I still have not figured it out.
>>> This is really strange because the tests were done on the same machine
>>> (I use HP ML110 Proliant 8gb RAM - Xeon 2.8 ghz processor (4
>>> cores), and POSTGRESQL 10.1.
>>> - Only the mentioned query running at the time of the test.
>>> - I repeated the query 7 times and did not change the results.
>>> - Before running each batch of 7 executions, I discarded the Operating
>>> System cache and restarted DBMS like this:
>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>
>>> discs:
>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>
>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
>>>
>>
>> One more information.
>> I used default configuration to Postgresql.conf
>> Only exception is to :
>> random_page_cost on SSD is 1.1
>>
>>
>>> Best Regards
>>> [ ]`s Neto
>>>
>>> 2018-07-17 1:08 GMT-07:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>>>> As already mentioned by Robert, please let us know if you made sure that
>>>> nothing was fished from RAM, over the faster test.
>>>>
>>>> In other words, make sure that all caches are dropped between one test
>>>> and another.
>>>>
>>>> Also,to better picture the situation, would be good to know:
>>>>
>>>> - which SSD (brand/model) are you using?
>>>> - which HDD?
>>>> - how are the disks configured? RAID? or not?
>>>> - on which OS?
>>>> - what are the mount options? SSD requires tuning
>>>> - did you make sure that no other query was running at the time of the
>>>> bench?
>>>> - are you making a comparison on the same machine?
>>>> - is it HW or VM? benchs should better run on bare metal to avoid
>>>> results pollution (eg: other VMS on the same hypervisor using the disk,
>>>> host caching and so on)
>>>> - how many times did you run the tests?
>>>> - did you change postgres configuration over tests?
>>>> - can you post postgres config?
>>>> - what about vacuums or maintenance tasks running in the background?
>>>>
>>>> Also, to benchmark disks i would not use a custom query but pgbench.
>>>>
>>>> Be aware: running benchmarks is a science, therefore needs a scientific
>>>> approach :)
>>>>
>>>> regards
>>>>
>>>> fabio pardi
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 07/17/2018 07:00 AM, Neto pr wrote:
>>>>> Dear,
>>>>> Some of you can help me understand this.
>>>>>
>>>>> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
>>>>> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>>>>>
>>>>> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
>>>>> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>>>>>
>>>>> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
>>>>> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
>>>>> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>>>>>
>>>>> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>>>>>
>>>>> --- Execution Plans---
>>>>> ssd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/rHkh
>>>>>
>>>>> hdd 40g
>>>>> https://explain.depesz.com/s/l4sq
>>>>>
>>>>> Query ------------------------------------
>>>>>
>>>>> select
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year,
>>>>> sum(amount) as sum_profit
>>>>> from
>>>>> (
>>>>> select
>>>>> n_name as nation,
>>>>> extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
>>>>> l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost *
>>>>> l_quantity as amount
>>>>> from
>>>>> part,
>>>>> supplier,
>>>>> lineitem,
>>>>> partsupp,
>>>>> orders,
>>>>> nation
>>>>> where
>>>>> s_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
>>>>> and ps_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and p_partkey = l_partkey
>>>>> and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
>>>>> and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
>>>>> and p_name like '%orchid%'
>>>>> ) as profit
>>>>> group by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year
>>>>> order by
>>>>> nation,
>>>>> o_year desc
>>>>>
>>>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 14:05 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 14:43 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-18 01:24 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
0 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Fabio Pardi @ 2018-07-17 14:43 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
On 07/17/2018 04:05 PM, Neto pr wrote:
> 2018-07-17 10:55 GMT-03:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>> Also i think it makes not much sense testing on RAID 0. I would start
>> performing tests on a single disk, bypassing RAID (or, as mentioned, at
>> least disabling cache).
>>
>
> But in my case, both the 2 SSDs and the 2 HDDs are in RAID ZERO.
> This way it would not be a valid test ? Because the 2 environments are
> in RAID ZERO.
>
>
in theory, probably yes and maybe not.
In RAID 0, data is (usually) striped in a round robin fashion, so you
should rely on the fact that, in average, data is spread 50% on each
disk. For the sake of knowledge, you can check what your RAID controller
is actually using as algorithm to spread data over RAID 0.
But you might be in an unlucky case in which more data is on one disk
than in another.
Unlucky or created by the events, like you deleted the records which are
on disk 0 and you only are querying those on disk 1, for instance.
The fact is, that more complexity you add to your test, the less the
results will be closer to your expectations.
Since you are testing disks, and not RAID, i would start empirically and
perform the test straight on 1 disk.
A simple test, like dd i mentioned here above.
If dd, or other more tailored tests on disks show that SSD is way slow,
then you can focus on tuning your disk. or trashing it :)
When you are satisfied with your results, you can build up complexity
from the reliable/consolidated level you reached.
As side note: why to run a test on a setup you can never use on production?
regards,
fabio pardi
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 14:05 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:43 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
@ 2018-07-18 01:24 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 07:46 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
0 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-18 01:24 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-17 11:43 GMT-03:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>
>
> On 07/17/2018 04:05 PM, Neto pr wrote:
>> 2018-07-17 10:55 GMT-03:00 Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>:
>
>>> Also i think it makes not much sense testing on RAID 0. I would start
>>> performing tests on a single disk, bypassing RAID (or, as mentioned, at
>>> least disabling cache).
>>>
>>
>> But in my case, both the 2 SSDs and the 2 HDDs are in RAID ZERO.
>> This way it would not be a valid test ? Because the 2 environments are
>> in RAID ZERO.
>>
>>
>
> in theory, probably yes and maybe not.
> In RAID 0, data is (usually) striped in a round robin fashion, so you
> should rely on the fact that, in average, data is spread 50% on each
> disk. For the sake of knowledge, you can check what your RAID controller
> is actually using as algorithm to spread data over RAID 0.
>
> But you might be in an unlucky case in which more data is on one disk
> than in another.
> Unlucky or created by the events, like you deleted the records which are
> on disk 0 and you only are querying those on disk 1, for instance.
>
> The fact is, that more complexity you add to your test, the less the
> results will be closer to your expectations.
>
> Since you are testing disks, and not RAID, i would start empirically and
> perform the test straight on 1 disk.
> A simple test, like dd i mentioned here above.
> If dd, or other more tailored tests on disks show that SSD is way slow,
> then you can focus on tuning your disk. or trashing it :)
>
> When you are satisfied with your results, you can build up complexity
> from the reliable/consolidated level you reached.
>
> As side note: why to run a test on a setup you can never use on production?
>
> regards,
>
> fabio pardi
>
Fabio, I understood and I agree with you about testing without RAID,
this way it would be easier to avoid problems unrelated to my test on
disks (SSD and HDD).
Can you just explain why you said it below?
"As side note: why to run a test on a setup you can never use on production?"
You think that a RAID ZERO configuration for a DBMS is little used?
Which one do you think would be good? I accept suggestions because I
am in the middle of a work for my
research of the postgraduate course and I can change the environment
to something that is more useful and really used in real production
environments.
Best Regards
[]`s Neto
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 14:05 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:43 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-18 01:24 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-18 07:46 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Fabio Pardi @ 2018-07-18 07:46 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Hi Neto,
RAID 0 to store production data should never be used. Never a good idea, in my opinion.
Simple reason is that when you lose one disk, you lose everything.
If your goal is to bench the disk, go for single disk.
If you want to be closer to a production setup, go for RAID 10, or pick a RAID setup close to what your needs and capabilities are (more reads? more writes? SSD? HDD? cache? ...? )
If you only have 2 disks, your obliged (redundant) choice is RAID 1.
regards,
fabio pardi
On 18/07/18 03:24, Neto pr wrote:
>
>> As side note: why to run a test on a setup you can never use on production?
>>
>> regards,
>>
>> fabio pardi
>>
>
> Can you just explain why you said it below?
>
> "As side note: why to run a test on a setup you can never use on production?"
>
> You think that a RAID ZERO configuration for a DBMS is little used?
> Which one do you think would be good? I accept suggestions because I
> am in the middle of a work for my
> research of the postgraduate course and I can change the environment
> to something that is more useful and really used in real production
> environments.
>
> Best Regards
> []`s Neto
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 23:04 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
1 sibling, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-17 23:04 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; +Cc: pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Ok, so dropping the cache is good.
How are you ensuring that you have one test setup on the HDDs and one on
the SSDs? i.e do you have 2 postgres instances? or are you using one
instance with tablespaces to locate the relevant tables? If the 2nd case
then you will get pollution of shared_buffers if you don't restart
between the HHD and SSD tests. If you have 2 instances then you need to
carefully check the parameters are set the same (and probably shut the
HDD instance down when testing the SSD etc).
I can see a couple of things in your setup that might pessimize the SDD
case:
- you have OS on the SSD - if you tests make the system swap then this
will wreck the SSD result
- you have RAID 0 SSD...some of the cheaper ones slow down when you do
this. maybe test with a single SSD
regards
Mark
On 18/07/18 01:04, Neto pr wrote (note snippage):
> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>
> discs:
> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>
> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD disk.
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
@ 2018-07-18 01:13 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 01:16 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 09:35 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
0 siblings, 3 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-18 01:13 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-17 20:04 GMT-03:00 Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>:
> Ok, so dropping the cache is good.
>
> How are you ensuring that you have one test setup on the HDDs and one on the
> SSDs? i.e do you have 2 postgres instances? or are you using one instance
> with tablespaces to locate the relevant tables? If the 2nd case then you
> will get pollution of shared_buffers if you don't restart between the HHD
> and SSD tests. If you have 2 instances then you need to carefully check the
> parameters are set the same (and probably shut the HDD instance down when
> testing the SSD etc).
>
Dear Mark
To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
- a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
- a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
See below:
postgres=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |
Access privileges
---------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
=c/postgres +
| | | | |
postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
=c/postgres +
| | | | |
postgres=CTc/postgres
tpch40gnorhdd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
tpch40gnorssd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
(5 rows)
postgres=#
After 7 query execution in a database tpch40gnorhdd I restart the DBMS
(/etc/init.d/pg101norssd restart and drop cache of the O.S.) and go to
execution test with the database tpch40gnorssd.
You think in this case there is pollution of shared_buffers?
Why do you think having O.S. on SSD is bad? Do you could explain better?
Best regards
[]`s Neto
> I can see a couple of things in your setup that might pessimize the SDD
> case:
> - you have OS on the SSD - if you tests make the system swap then this will
> wreck the SSD result
> - you have RAID 0 SSD...some of the cheaper ones slow down when you do this.
> maybe test with a single SSD
>
> regards
> Mark
>
> On 18/07/18 01:04, Neto pr wrote (note snippage):
>
>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>
>> discs:
>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>
>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
>> disk.
>>
>>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-18 01:16 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 09:33 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-18 17:35 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Imre Samu <pella.samu@gmail.com>
2 siblings, 2 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-18 01:16 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>; pgsql-performance
2018-07-17 22:13 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
> 2018-07-17 20:04 GMT-03:00 Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>:
>> Ok, so dropping the cache is good.
>>
>> How are you ensuring that you have one test setup on the HDDs and one on the
>> SSDs? i.e do you have 2 postgres instances? or are you using one instance
>> with tablespaces to locate the relevant tables? If the 2nd case then you
>> will get pollution of shared_buffers if you don't restart between the HHD
>> and SSD tests. If you have 2 instances then you need to carefully check the
>> parameters are set the same (and probably shut the HDD instance down when
>> testing the SSD etc).
>>
> Dear Mark
> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
> See below:
>
> postgres=# \l
> List of databases
> Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |
> Access privileges
> ---------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
> postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> =c/postgres +
> | | | | |
> postgres=CTc/postgres
> template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> =c/postgres +
> | | | | |
> postgres=CTc/postgres
> tpch40gnorhdd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> tpch40gnorssd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> (5 rows)
>
> postgres=#
>
> After 7 query execution in a database tpch40gnorhdd I restart the DBMS
> (/etc/init.d/pg101norssd restart and drop cache of the O.S.) and go to
> execution test with the database tpch40gnorssd.
> You think in this case there is pollution of shared_buffers?
> Why do you think having O.S. on SSD is bad? Do you could explain better?
>
> Best regards
> []`s Neto
>
+1 information about EVO SSD Samsung:
Model: 850 Evo 500 GB SATA III 6Gb/s -
http://www.samsung.com/semiconductor/minisite/ssd/product/consumer/850evo/
>> I can see a couple of things in your setup that might pessimize the SDD
>> case:
>> - you have OS on the SSD - if you tests make the system swap then this will
>> wreck the SSD result
>> - you have RAID 0 SSD...some of the cheaper ones slow down when you do this.
>> maybe test with a single SSD
>>
>> regards
>> Mark
>>
>> On 18/07/18 01:04, Neto pr wrote (note snippage):
>>
>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>
>>> discs:
>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>
>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
>>> disk.
>>>
>>>
>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 01:16 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-18 09:33 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
1 sibling, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Nicolas Charles @ 2018-07-18 09:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>; pgsql-performance
Le 18/07/2018 à 03:16, Neto pr a écrit :
> 2018-07-17 22:13 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
>> 2018-07-17 20:04 GMT-03:00 Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>:
>>> Ok, so dropping the cache is good.
>>>
>>> How are you ensuring that you have one test setup on the HDDs and one on the
>>> SSDs? i.e do you have 2 postgres instances? or are you using one instance
>>> with tablespaces to locate the relevant tables? If the 2nd case then you
>>> will get pollution of shared_buffers if you don't restart between the HHD
>>> and SSD tests. If you have 2 instances then you need to carefully check the
>>> parameters are set the same (and probably shut the HDD instance down when
>>> testing the SSD etc).
>>>
>> Dear Mark
>> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
>> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
>> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
>> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
>> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
>> See below:
>>
>> postgres=# \l
>> List of databases
>> Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |
>> Access privileges
>> ---------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
>> postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
>> template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
>> =c/postgres +
>> | | | | |
>> postgres=CTc/postgres
>> template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
>> =c/postgres +
>> | | | | |
>> postgres=CTc/postgres
>> tpch40gnorhdd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
>> tpch40gnorssd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
>> (5 rows)
>>
>> postgres=#
>>
>> After 7 query execution in a database tpch40gnorhdd I restart the DBMS
>> (/etc/init.d/pg101norssd restart and drop cache of the O.S.) and go to
>> execution test with the database tpch40gnorssd.
>> You think in this case there is pollution of shared_buffers?
>> Why do you think having O.S. on SSD is bad? Do you could explain better?
>>
>> Best regards
>> []`s Neto
>>
> +1 information about EVO SSD Samsung:
>
> Model: 850 Evo 500 GB SATA III 6Gb/s -
> http://www.samsung.com/semiconductor/minisite/ssd/product/consumer/850evo/
As stated on his ML on january, Samsung 850 Evo is not a particularly
fast SSD - especially it's not really consistent in term of performance
( see https://www.anandtech.com/show/8747/samsung-ssd-850-evo-review/5
and https://www.anandtech.com/bench/product/1913 ). This is not a
product for professional usage, and you should not expect great
performance from it - as reported by these benchmark, you can have a
34ms latency in very intensive usage:
ATSB - The Destroyer (99th Percentile Write Latency)99th Percentile
Latency in Microseconds - Lower is Better *34923
*Even average write latency of the Samsung 850 Evo is 3,3 ms in
intensive workload
Why are you using this type of SSD for your benchmark ? What do you plan
to achieve ?
>
>>> I can see a couple of things in your setup that might pessimize the SDD
>>> case:
>>> - you have OS on the SSD - if you tests make the system swap then this will
>>> wreck the SSD result
>>> - you have RAID 0 SSD...some of the cheaper ones slow down when you do this.
>>> maybe test with a single SSD
>>>
>>> regards
>>> Mark
>>>
>>> On 18/07/18 01:04, Neto pr wrote (note snippage):
>>>
>>>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
>>>>
>>>> discs:
>>>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
>>>>
>>>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
>>>> disk.
>>>>
>>>>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 01:16 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-18 17:35 ` Imre Samu <pella.samu@gmail.com>
1 sibling, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Imre Samu @ 2018-07-18 17:35 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: netopr9@gmail.com; +Cc: pgsql-performance
>Model: 850 Evo 500 GB SATA III 6Gb/s -
please check the SSD *"DRIVE HEALTH STATUS"* and the* "S.M.A.R.T values of
specified disk" * ....
for example - with the "smartctl" tool ( https://www.smartmontools.org/
) ( -x "Show all information for device" )
Expected output with "Samsung SSD 850 EVO 500GB"
https://superuser.com/questions/1169810/smart-data-of-a-new-ssd
Regards,
Imre
Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com> ezt írta (időpont: 2018. júl. 18., Sze, 3:17):
> 2018-07-17 22:13 GMT-03:00 Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>:
> > 2018-07-17 20:04 GMT-03:00 Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz
> >:
> >> Ok, so dropping the cache is good.
> >>
> >> How are you ensuring that you have one test setup on the HDDs and one
> on the
> >> SSDs? i.e do you have 2 postgres instances? or are you using one
> instance
> >> with tablespaces to locate the relevant tables? If the 2nd case then you
> >> will get pollution of shared_buffers if you don't restart between the
> HHD
> >> and SSD tests. If you have 2 instances then you need to carefully check
> the
> >> parameters are set the same (and probably shut the HDD instance down
> when
> >> testing the SSD etc).
> >>
> > Dear Mark
> > To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
> > O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
> > I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
> > - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
> > - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
> > See below:
> >
> > postgres=# \l
> > List of databases
> > Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |
> > Access privileges
> >
> ---------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
> > postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> > template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> > =c/postgres +
> > | | | | |
> > postgres=CTc/postgres
> > template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> > =c/postgres +
> > | | | | |
> > postgres=CTc/postgres
> > tpch40gnorhdd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> > tpch40gnorssd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> > (5 rows)
> >
> > postgres=#
> >
> > After 7 query execution in a database tpch40gnorhdd I restart the DBMS
> > (/etc/init.d/pg101norssd restart and drop cache of the O.S.) and go to
> > execution test with the database tpch40gnorssd.
> > You think in this case there is pollution of shared_buffers?
> > Why do you think having O.S. on SSD is bad? Do you could explain better?
> >
> > Best regards
> > []`s Neto
> >
>
> +1 information about EVO SSD Samsung:
>
> Model: 850 Evo 500 GB SATA III 6Gb/s -
> http://www.samsung.com/semiconductor/minisite/ssd/product/consumer/850evo/
>
>
> >> I can see a couple of things in your setup that might pessimize the SDD
> >> case:
> >> - you have OS on the SSD - if you tests make the system swap then this
> will
> >> wreck the SSD result
> >> - you have RAID 0 SSD...some of the cheaper ones slow down when you do
> this.
> >> maybe test with a single SSD
> >>
> >> regards
> >> Mark
> >>
> >> On 18/07/18 01:04, Neto pr wrote (note snippage):
> >>
> >>> (echo 3> / proc / sys / vm / drop_caches;
> >>>
> >>> discs:
> >>> - 2 units of Samsung Evo SSD 500 GB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
> >>> - 2 SATA 7500 Krpm HDD units - 1TB (mounted on ZERO RAID)
> >>>
> >>> - The Operating System and the Postgresql DBMS are installed on the SSD
> >>> disk.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-18 09:35 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-18 09:35 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Ok, so you are using 1 instance and tablespaces. Also I see you are
restarting the instance between HDD and SSD tests, so all good there.
The point I made about having the OS on the SSD's means that if these
tests make your system swap, and your swap device is on the SSDs (which
is probably is by default), then swap activity will compete with db
access activity for IOPS on your SSDs and spoil the results of your test
(i.e slow down your SSDs).
You can check this using top, sar or iostat to see *if* you are swapping
during the tests.
Ideally you would design your setup to use 3 separate devices:
- one device (or array) for os, swap, tmp etc
- one device (HDD array) for you 'HDD' tablespace
- one device (SDD array) for your 'SDD' tablespace
regards
Mark
On 18/07/18 13:13, Neto pr wrote:
>
> Dear Mark
> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
> See below:
>
> postgres=# \l
> List of databases
> Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |
> Access privileges
> ---------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
> postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> =c/postgres +
> | | | | |
> postgres=CTc/postgres
> template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> =c/postgres +
> | | | | |
> postgres=CTc/postgres
> tpch40gnorhdd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> tpch40gnorssd | user1 | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
> (5 rows)
>
> postgres=#
>
> After 7 query execution in a database tpch40gnorhdd I restart the DBMS
> (/etc/init.d/pg101norssd restart and drop cache of the O.S.) and go to
> execution test with the database tpch40gnorssd.
> You think in this case there is pollution of shared_buffers?
> Why do you think having O.S. on SSD is bad? Do you could explain better?
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-19 23:30 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:33 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2 siblings, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-19 23:30 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
One more thought on this:
Query 9 does a lot pf sorting to disk - so there will be writes for that
and all the reads for the table scans. Thus the location of your
instance's pgsql_tmp directory(s) will significantly influence results.
I'm wondering if in your HDD test the pgsql_tmp on the *SSD's* is being
used. This would make the HDDs look faster (obviously - as they only
need to do reads now). You can check this with iostat while the HDD test
is being run, there should be *no* activity on the SSDs...if there is
you have just found one reason for the results being quicker than it
should be.
FWIW: I had a play with this: ran two version 10.4 instances, one on a
single 7200 rpm HDD, one on a (ahem slow) Intel 600p NVME. Running query
9 on the scale 40 databases I get:
- SSD 30 minutes
- HDD 70 minutes
No I'm running these on an a Intel i7 3.4 Ghz 16 GB RAM setup. Also both
postgres instances have default config apart from random_page_cost.
Comparing my results with yours - the SSD one is consistent...if I had
two SSDs in RAID0 I might halve the time (I might try this). However my
HDD result is not at all like yours (mine makes more sense to be
fair...would expect HDD to be slower in general).
Cheers (thanks for an interesting puzzle)!
Mark
On 18/07/18 13:13, Neto pr wrote:
>
> Dear Mark
> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
> See below:
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
@ 2018-07-20 00:33 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:52 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-20 01:49 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
0 siblings, 2 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-20 00:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
FWIW:
re-running query 9 using the SSD setup as 2x crucial M550 RAID0: 10 minutes.
On 20/07/18 11:30, Mark Kirkwood wrote:
> One more thought on this:
>
> Query 9 does a lot pf sorting to disk - so there will be writes for
> that and all the reads for the table scans. Thus the location of your
> instance's pgsql_tmp directory(s) will significantly influence results.
>
> I'm wondering if in your HDD test the pgsql_tmp on the *SSD's* is
> being used. This would make the HDDs look faster (obviously - as they
> only need to do reads now). You can check this with iostat while the
> HDD test is being run, there should be *no* activity on the SSDs...if
> there is you have just found one reason for the results being quicker
> than it should be.
>
> FWIW: I had a play with this: ran two version 10.4 instances, one on a
> single 7200 rpm HDD, one on a (ahem slow) Intel 600p NVME. Running
> query 9 on the scale 40 databases I get:
>
> - SSD 30 minutes
>
> - HDD 70 minutes
>
> No I'm running these on an a Intel i7 3.4 Ghz 16 GB RAM setup. Also
> both postgres instances have default config apart from random_page_cost.
>
> Comparing my results with yours - the SSD one is consistent...if I had
> two SSDs in RAID0 I might halve the time (I might try this). However
> my HDD result is not at all like yours (mine makes more sense to be
> fair...would expect HDD to be slower in general).
>
> Cheers (thanks for an interesting puzzle)!
>
> Mark
>
>
>
> On 18/07/18 13:13, Neto pr wrote:
>>
>> Dear Mark
>> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
>> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
>> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
>> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
>> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
>> See below:
>>
>>
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:33 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
@ 2018-07-20 00:52 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-23 00:07 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
1 sibling, 1 reply; 32+ messages in thread
From: Neto pr @ 2018-07-20 00:52 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
2018-07-19 21:33 GMT-03:00 Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>:
> FWIW:
>
> re-running query 9 using the SSD setup as 2x crucial M550 RAID0: 10 minutes.
>
>
>
> On 20/07/18 11:30, Mark Kirkwood wrote:
>>
>> One more thought on this:
>>
>> Query 9 does a lot pf sorting to disk - so there will be writes for that
>> and all the reads for the table scans. Thus the location of your instance's
>> pgsql_tmp directory(s) will significantly influence results.
>>
>> I'm wondering if in your HDD test the pgsql_tmp on the *SSD's* is being
>> used. This would make the HDDs look faster (obviously - as they only need to
>> do reads now). You can check this with iostat while the HDD test is being
>> run, there should be *no* activity on the SSDs...if there is you have just
>> found one reason for the results being quicker than it should be.
>>
>> FWIW: I had a play with this: ran two version 10.4 instances, one on a
>> single 7200 rpm HDD, one on a (ahem slow) Intel 600p NVME. Running query 9
>> on the scale 40 databases I get:
>>
>> - SSD 30 minutes
>>
>> - HDD 70 minutes
>>
>> No I'm running these on an a Intel i7 3.4 Ghz 16 GB RAM setup. Also both
>> postgres instances have default config apart from random_page_cost.
>>
>> Comparing my results with yours - the SSD one is consistent...if I had two
>> SSDs in RAID0 I might halve the time (I might try this). However my HDD
>> result is not at all like yours (mine makes more sense to be fair...would
>> expect HDD to be slower in general).
>>
>> Cheers (thanks for an interesting puzzle)!
>>
>> Mark
>>
Mark,
This query 9 is very hard, see my results for other queries (attached
- test with secondary index and without secondary index - only primary
keys), the SSD always wins in performance.
Only for this query that he was the loser, so I put this topic in the list.
Today I will not be able to check your test information in more
detail, but I will return with more information soon.
Best Regards
Neto
>>
>>
>> On 18/07/18 13:13, Neto pr wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>> Dear Mark
>>> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
>>> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
>>> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
>>> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
>>> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
>>> See below:
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>
Attachments:
[image/jpeg] tpch-compare_hdd_ssd.jpg (137.4K, ../../CA+wPC0O7=vVWBCHFO__H72EnA+=uQVt6EMhyLhmhd8hy8CPYuw@mail.gmail.com/2-tpch-compare_hdd_ssd.jpg)
download | view image
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:33 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:52 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-23 00:07 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-23 00:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
Hi Neto,
In a great piece of timing my new experimental SSD arrived (WD Black 500
G 3D NAND MVME) [1]. Doing some runs of query 9:
- default config: 7 minutes
- work_mem=1G, max_parallel_workers_per_gather=4: 3-4 minutes
Increasing either of these much more got me OOM errors (16 G of ram).
Anyway, enjoy your benchmarking!
Cheers
Mark
[1] Yeah - I know this is a 'do not use me in production' type of SSD.
It is however fine for prototyping and DSS scenario run type use.
On 20/07/18 12:52, Neto pr wrote:
>
> Mark,
> This query 9 is very hard, see my results for other queries (attached
> - test with secondary index and without secondary index - only primary
> keys), the SSD always wins in performance.
> Only for this query that he was the loser, so I put this topic in the list.
>
> Today I will not be able to check your test information in more
> detail, but I will return with more information soon.
>
> Best Regards
> Neto
>
>
>
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:33 ` Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
@ 2018-07-20 01:49 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
1 sibling, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Mark Kirkwood @ 2018-07-20 01:49 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>; pgsql-performance@lists.postgresql.org
And perhaps more interesting:
Re-running query 9 against the (single) HDD setup *but* with pgsql_tmp
symlinked to the 2x SSD RAID0: 15 minutes
I'm thinking that you have inadvertently configured your HDD test in
this way (you get 9 minutes because you have 2x HDDs). Essentially most
of the time taken for this query is in writing and reading files for
sorting/hashing, so where pgsql_tmp is located hugely influences the
overall time.
regards
Mark
On 20/07/18 12:33, Mark Kirkwood wrote:
> FWIW:
>
> re-running query 9 using the SSD setup as 2x crucial M550 RAID0: 10
> minutes.
>
>
> On 20/07/18 11:30, Mark Kirkwood wrote:
>> One more thought on this:
>>
>> Query 9 does a lot pf sorting to disk - so there will be writes for
>> that and all the reads for the table scans. Thus the location of your
>> instance's pgsql_tmp directory(s) will significantly influence results.
>>
>> I'm wondering if in your HDD test the pgsql_tmp on the *SSD's* is
>> being used. This would make the HDDs look faster (obviously - as they
>> only need to do reads now). You can check this with iostat while the
>> HDD test is being run, there should be *no* activity on the SSDs...if
>> there is you have just found one reason for the results being quicker
>> than it should be.
>>
>> FWIW: I had a play with this: ran two version 10.4 instances, one on
>> a single 7200 rpm HDD, one on a (ahem slow) Intel 600p NVME. Running
>> query 9 on the scale 40 databases I get:
>>
>> - SSD 30 minutes
>>
>> - HDD 70 minutes
>>
>> No I'm running these on an a Intel i7 3.4 Ghz 16 GB RAM setup. Also
>> both postgres instances have default config apart from random_page_cost.
>>
>> Comparing my results with yours - the SSD one is consistent...if I
>> had two SSDs in RAID0 I might halve the time (I might try this).
>> However my HDD result is not at all like yours (mine makes more sense
>> to be fair...would expect HDD to be slower in general).
>>
>> Cheers (thanks for an interesting puzzle)!
>>
>> Mark
>>
>>
>>
>> On 18/07/18 13:13, Neto pr wrote:
>>>
>>> Dear Mark
>>> To ensure that the test is honest and has the same configuration the
>>> O.S. and also DBMS, my O.S. is installed on the SSD and DBMS as well.
>>> I have an instance only of DBMS and two database.
>>> - a database called tpch40gnorhdd with tablespace on the HDD disk.
>>> - a database called tpch40gnorssd with tablespace on the SSD disk.
>>> See below:
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>
>
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
@ 2018-07-17 13:28 ` Jeff Janes <jeff.janes@gmail.com>
4 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: Jeff Janes @ 2018-07-17 13:28 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>; +Cc: pgsql-performance
On Tue, Jul 17, 2018 at 1:00 AM, Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com> wrote:
> Dear,
> Some of you can help me understand this.
>
> This query plan is executed in the query below (query 9 of TPC-H
> Benchmark, with scale 40, database with approximately 40 gb).
>
> The experiment consisted of running the query on a HDD (Raid zero).
> Then the same query is executed on an SSD (Raid Zero).
>
> Why did the HDD (7200 rpm) perform better?
> HDD - TIME 9 MINUTES
> SSD - TIME 15 MINUTES
>
> As far as I know, the SSD has a reading that is 300 times faster than SSD.
>
Is the 300 times faster comparing random to random, or sequential to
sequential? Maybe your SSD simply fails to perform as advertised. This
would not surprise me at all.
To remove some confounding variables, can you turn off parallelism and
repeat the queries? (Yes, they will probably get slower. But is the
relative timings still the same?) Also, turn on track_io_timings and
repeat the "EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS)", perhaps with TIMINGS OFF.
Also, see how long it takes to read the entire database, or just the
largest table, outside of postgres.
Something like:
time tar -f - $PGDATA/base | wc -c
or
time cat $PGDATA/base/<database oid>/<large table file node>* | wc -c
Cheers,
Jeff
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
* Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case
@ 2018-07-18 16:44 George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net>
0 siblings, 0 replies; 32+ messages in thread
From: George Neuner @ 2018-07-18 16:44 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: pgsql-performance
On Wed, 18 Jul 2018 09:46:32 +0200, Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
wrote:
> RAID 0 to store production data should never be used. Never a good
> idea, in my opinion.
RAID 0 by itself should never be used. Combined with other RAID
levels, it can boost performance without sacrificing reliability.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested_RAID_levels
Personally, I don't like RAID 0 + ? schemes because they use too many
disks (with associated reliability issues). The required performance
usually can be achieved in other ways. But YMMV.
George
^ permalink raw reply [nested|flat] 32+ messages in thread
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2018-07-17 05:00 Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 05:17 ` Benjamin Scherrey <scherrey@proteus-tech.com>
2018-07-17 05:43 ` winston cheung <winston_cheung@163.com>
2018-07-17 06:07 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-17 07:40 ` Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
2018-07-17 08:08 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 13:04 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:19 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 13:44 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 13:50 ` Robert Zenz <robert.zenz@sibvisions.com>
2018-07-17 14:08 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 14:00 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:16 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-17 23:28 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-17 13:55 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 14:05 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-17 14:43 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-18 01:24 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 07:46 ` Fabio Pardi <f.pardi@portavita.eu>
2018-07-17 23:04 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-18 01:13 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 01:16 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 09:33 ` Nicolas Charles <nicolas.charles@normation.com>
2018-07-18 17:35 ` Imre Samu <pella.samu@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 09:35 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-19 23:30 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:33 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 00:52 ` Neto pr <netopr9@gmail.com>
2018-07-23 00:07 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-20 01:49 ` Mark Kirkwood <mark.kirkwood@catalyst.net.nz>
2018-07-17 13:28 ` Jeff Janes <jeff.janes@gmail.com>
2018-07-18 16:44 Re: Why HDD performance is better than SSD in this case George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net>
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